Edinburgh International Airport (Scotland, U.K.)

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The terminal Edinburgh International Airport

After a long layover of 18 hours and 45 minutes at Istanbul Airport (IST) in Turkey, where we joined Touristanbul’s Bosphorus River cruise (from 6:30PM-11PM), we finally departed the airport  at 7:15 AM, Monday, June 17, and arrived at Edinburgh International Airport (EDI) in Edinburgh, Scotland at 9:40AM, that same day, on board Turkish Airlines Flight Number TK1343.  The flight took us 4 hours and 25 minutes.

Check out “Bosphorus Strait Cruise” 

The author, Paula and Grace at Edinburgh International Airport

Edinburgh International Airport (IATA: EDI, ICAO: EGPH), the busiest airport in Scotland in 2019, is also the sixth-busiest airport in the United Kingdom by total passengers in 2019 (despite only having one terminal and two runways), handling over 14.7 million passengers.  However, it is a relatively small airport compared to Heathrow International Airport in London.  Owned and operated by Global Infrastructure Partners, (also a minority shareholder of Gatwick Airport), it has one runway and one passenger terminal and employs about 2,500 people.

Check out “Heathrow International Airport”

Here’s the historical timeline of the airport:

  • In 1916, the small Turnhouse Aerodrome was opened
  • In World War I, it was the northernmost British air defense base used by the Royal Flying Corps.
  • From 1925, it was used to house the 603 (City of Edinburgh) Squadron which consisted of DH 9As, Westland Wapitis, Hawker Harts, and Hawker Hind light bombers. All the aircraft used a grass airstrip.
  • In 1918, the Royal Air Force was formed and the airfield was named RAF Turnhouse and ownership was transferred to the Air Ministry.
  • When the Second World War broke out, RAF Fighter Command took control over the airfield and a runway of 3,900 ft (1,189 m) was paved to handle the Supermarine Spitfire.
  • During the Battle of Britain, 3, 65, and 141 Squadrons were present at the airbase.
  • When the war ended, the airfield remained under military control.
  • On May 19, 1947, it was officially opened for commercial traffic. The first commercial flight to use the airport was a British European Airways service (an 18-seater Douglas C47) from London (Northolt) to Shetland, with Edinburgh and Aberdeen being intermediate stopping points.
  • In 1952, the runway was extended to 6,000 ft. to handle the Vampire FB5soperated by the resident 603 Squadron, and an aircraft arresting barrier net was installed to protect traffic on the adjacent A9 road. The net remained in place until the early 1970s and was used to stop one of the Ferranti Flying Unit Buccaneers which had overrun the runway.
  • In 1956, a new passenger terminal was built to provide an improved commercial service.
  • In March 1957, the 603 Squadron was disbanded
  • In 1960, the Air Ministry transferred ownership to the Ministry of Aviation to offer improved commercial service to the airport. Flying was temporarily diverted to East Fortune, which had its runway extended to accommodate the airliners of the period.
  • In 1961, the passenger terminal was extended.
  • In 1962, international service from Edinburgh began with direct service to Dublin but, for many years, international flights were charter and private only.
  • In 1970, a Meteor TT20, operated by the RN Fleet Requirement Unit, overran the runway and ended up in the net.
  • On April 1, 1971, the British Airports Authority (BAA) took over ownership of the airport at a time when the original terminal building was running at about eight times its design capacity. Immediate improvements to the terminal were cosmetic, such as extra seating and TV monitors for flight information, and it took two years for plans to be proposed for a completely new terminal and runway redesign.
  • In November 1971, public consultation on planning was started
  • In February 1972, the consultation was ended.
  • In June 1973, the initial stages of the redevelopment began. They included a diversion of the River Almond.
  • In 1975, direct services to Amsterdam, in continental Europe, was started.
  • In March 1975, work on the new terminal building, designed by Sir Robert Matthew, was started.
  • In 1977, the new 2,556 m. (8,386 ft.) long 07/25 runway (which has since become 06/24), completely outside the original airfield boundary, was completed, and was able to take all modern airliners including the Concorde. Although the original main runway 13/31 (which is now 12/30) served the airport well, its alignment (NW-SE) had the disadvantage of suffering from severe crosswinds, and the other two minor runways were very short and could not be readily extended.
  • On May 27, 1977, the new terminal building, alongside the new runway, was officially opened by Queen Elizabeth II to cater for the additional traffic. The old terminal and hangars were converted into a cargo centre.
  • On May 29, 1977, the building was opened to the public. Since the original terminal upgrade, there have been major reconstructions, including extensions of the two passenger terminal aprons and a major expansion of car parking facilities.
  • By the mid-1980s, direct routes included Paris, Düsseldorf, Brussels, Frankfurt and Copenhagen, but direct transatlantic flights were not yet possible as Glasgow-Prestwick was the only “designated gateway” in Scotland under the US-UK Bermuda II Agreement.
  • In 1987, by the time BAA had been privatized, Edinburgh Airport handled over 1.8 million passengers each year; compared to the 681,000 passengers handled in 1971 when BAA first took control of the airport.
  • In 1997, the RAF Turnhouse, operational near the passenger terminal of the airport for all of the post-war period, was finally closed.
  • In 2005, a new 57-m. (187 ft.) tall air traffic control tower was completed for £10 million.
  • In September 2006, an extension to the terminal, called the South East Pier, was opened. This extension initially added six gates on a new pier to the southeast of the original building.
  • At the end of 2008, a further four gates were added to the South East Pier.
  • On October 19, 2011, BAA Limited announced its intention to sell the airport, following a decision by the UK’s Competition Commissionrequiring BAA to sell either Glasgow Airport or Edinburgh Airport.
  • On April 23, 2012, BAA announced that it had sold Edinburgh Airport to Global Infrastructure Partners(GIP) for a price of £807.2 million (equivalent to £1204 million in 2023).
  • In 2013, a further extension to the passenger terminal was announced, taking the terminal building up to the Edinburgh Airport tram stop.
  • In May 2014, the Edinburgh Trams, running between Edinburgh Airport and York Place, was opened, creating the first rail connection to Edinburgh Airport.
  • In February 2016, consultancy firm Biggar Economics announced that Edinburgh Airport contributes almost £1 billion annually to the Scottish economy.
  • On February 23, 2016, Ryanair announced a growth of 20% in passenger numbers, bringing the airline’s annual passenger capacity at Edinburgh Airport to 2.5 million. This was coupled with the news of six new services to Ryanair’s winter schedule from Edinburgh and more services on its popular European destinations.
  • On March 29, 2018, as part of the expansion works, Runway 12/30 was officially withdrawn from use.
  • In 2004, a multi-storey car park was opened.
  • In 2014, whilst the number of passengers has increased, the number of flights decreased due to planes operating at a higher capacity.
  • In 2015, passenger traffic at Edinburgh Airport reached a record level with over 11.1 million passengers and over 109,000 aircraft movements.
  • On April 17, 2024, Vinci announced that it had reached an agreement with GIP to acquire a 50.01% shareholding of the airport for £1.27 billion, with GIP retaining 49.99%. The transaction is expected to close mid-2024.

The “EDINBURGH” sign greeting visitors to the Scottish capital

The airport has flights to 157 destinations worldwide and 38 airlines (American Airlines, British Airways, Delta Airlines, Lufthansa, Turkish Airlines, United Airlines, etc.) operate in and out of the airport.  It can be particularly busy during summer, the holidays and during popular events such as the Edinburgh Fringe Festival.

Direct flights are available between several U.S. cities and flights are also available to the Middle East. The airport has won a number of awards including Best European Airport.

The terminal building is currently being expanded with an investment of £40 million. A new £25 million expansion project, involving the construction of a new 6,000 sq. m. building, housing a security hall and retail areas, is also currently underway at the airport. In 2005, after a 15-month construction, its new 57 m. (187 ft.) high, £10 million control tower, with its façade of 9,216 hand-installed zinc tiles and crisscross, double helix pattern (which functions as a system of drainage channels), was inaugurated.

The new control tower inaugurated in 2005

Upon claiming our luggage, we proceeded outside the terminal building to Stop A where we boarded an Airlink bus (Edinburgh’s dedicated express service between the airport and the city center), which arrives every 10 mins., to take us into the city.  Fare was £5.50 for a one-way single adult ticket and the trip took us about 30 mins.  Upon reaching the city, we walked for about 10 minutes, from Princes Street, to Frederick House Hotel (42 Frederick St., Edinburgh EH2 1EX, United Kingdom) where we had our luggage stored prior to check in.

Check out “Hotel and Inn Review: Frederick House Hotel”

The Airlink 100 bus that took us, from the airport, to the city center

Edinburgh Airport: Ingliston area, Edinburgh EH12 9DN, Scotland. Tel: 44 131 357 6337 and +44 131 322 5283. Website: www.edinburghairport.com. Coordinates: 55°57′00″N 003°22′21″W / 55.95000°N 3.37250°W.

How to Get There: Edinburgh Airport is located 5 NM (9.3 kms.; 5.8 mi.) west of the city center, just off the M8 and M9 motorways. It is widely served by buses of Airlink 100, Skylink 200 and 400, and Airport Express Services.  Trams also operate from the airport to Edinburgh city center, departing every 7 mins., between 7 AM and 7 PM, and every 10 mins. early in the morning and later in the evening.  The first tram of the day departs the airport at 6:26 AM and the last train departs at 10:48 PM.

Bosphorus Strait Cruise (Istanbul, Turkey)

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Istanbul and the Bosphorus Strait

After a 12 hour, 35 min. long flight from NAIA international Airport (NAIA) Terminal 3, our Turkish Airline (Flight Number TK265) arrived at Istanbul International Airport by 12:30 PM, Sunday, June 16.

Check out “Istanbul International Airport”

The Touristanbul counter at the Istanbul International Airport

Before visiting Turkey, we obtained an e-visa ($30 per pax) at the www.evisa.gov.tr/ website (check your country’s requirements to see if it is necessary to obtain a visa to enter Turkey). If you are eligible for an e-visa, you may obtain it from the Turkish Airlines Sales / Ticket Desks before or on the day of your departure.

Boarding our Touristanbul bus at the airport

Our connecting international flight to Edinburgh Airport, Scotland was still 18 hours and 45 minutes later so we took advantage of our complimentary Touristanbul service to discover Istanbul, the city that never sleeps, during our layover time. According to the time frame best suited to your flight arrival and departure schedule, we selected the 6:30 PM-11 PM tour, one of the eight carefully arranged and planned tours offered by Touristanbul for those with a layover between six and 24 hours.

BUDO Eminonu Pier

With such an abundance of historical sightseeing spots in Istanbul and too little time to squeeze them all into your short holiday, an unforgettable cruise, between two continents (Asia and Europe) along the 32-km. long Bosphorus Strait (not a river) is probably the most overlooked Istanbul tourist attraction. After our Turkish Airlines connecting international flight landed at İstanbul Airport, we proceeded all the way through into international arrivals (past baggage claim), turned right and walk to the end of the hall to TourIstanbul, opposite of the arrival hall of the Turkish Airlines and opposite the passport control at the Transfer Desk.

Boarding the Naral Istanbul

Upon arrival, we all signed up for the free Touristanbul tour at the Hotel Desk in the International Arrivals Terminal of İstanbul Airport (you can also sign up at the Touristanbul Desk Office in the Transfer desk area), using our ticket number issued by Turkish Airlines ticket number starting 235, and got a ticket for the queue.  Istanbul Airport only provides one-hour free wi-fi to fliers that are in the Departure Area.

Paula, Selena, Jandy and Grace on board the Naral Istanbul

The author (right) with Jandy and Grace (photo: Selena Sta. Maria)

Touristanbul is available for Turkish Airlines’ flights, including code share flights. There is no hotel offered. If a guest is unable to make their flight, in cases that are their responsibility, they will ensure that the passenger reaches their destination smoothly via the next flight.

Galata Bridge, the fifth on the same site, was built in 1994. The bridge was named after Galata (the former name for Karaköy) on the northern shore of the Golden Horn. This bascule bridge is 490 m. (1,610 ft.) long with a main span of 80 m. (260 ft.). The deck of the bridge is 42 m. (138 ft.) wide and has two vehicular lanes and one walkway in each direction. Tram tracks running down the middle of it allow the T1 tram to run from Bağcılar, in the western suburbs to Kabataş, a few blocks away from Dolmabahçe Palace.

After signing up and booking our tour, we were picked up by a friendly and well-informed guide named Eray and boarded an airconditioned tourist bus with about 40 other guests. Before joining the tour, we stored our heavy luggage at the luggage office next to the hotel desk ($18 per piece) and just brought our hand-carried bags with us which were stored in the boot of the bus.  The 42.2-km. bus ride, from the airport to the boat landing near the Golden Horn Metro Bridge, took us around 45 mins.

Bosphorus Bridge, the oldest and southernmost of the three suspension bridges spanning the Bosphorus strait, is a gravity-anchored suspension bridge with steel towers and inclined hangers. The aerodynamic deck hangs on steel cables. The bridge is 1,560 m. (5,118 ft.) long, with a deck width of 33.40 m. (110 ft.). The distance between the towers (main span) is 1,074 m. (3,524 ft.) and the total height of the towers is 165 m. (541 ft.). The clearance of the bridge, from sea level, is 64 m. (210 ft.).

The tour covers a lot of territory.  During this unforgettable, two-hour tour experience on board the 24 m. long and 7 m. wide pleasure craft Naral Istanbul, cruising at an average speed of 7.2 knots, having a fabulous view of the legendary Bosphorus Strait and saw some of Istanbul’s most notable and iconic historical sites, structures and monuments. Its rolling hills are covered with a mix of ancient and modern architecture, all of them overlooking the water.

The Maiden’s Tower between Europe and Asia

The Maiden’s Tower (Kiz Kulesi), built in 1725 0n a small islet at the southern entrance of the Bosphorus Strait, between the European and Asian sides, is one of the landmarks and most storied structures of Istanbul.

Maiden’s Tower, a small islet at the southern entrance of the Bosphorus strait, 200 m. (220 yds.) from the coast of Üsküdar, has a café and restaurant with views of the former Roman, Byzantine and Ottoman capital at Sarayburnu. Private boats ply back and forth between the tower and the shore throughout the day. The tower appeared on the reverse of the Turkish 10 lira banknote from 1966 to 1981.

Formerly an observation terrace, a tax collection area for merchants, a hospital and a lighthouse, it now houses a café and restaurant. Recently, it was featured in the 1999 James Bond film The World is Not Enough. From 1966 t0 1981, the tower also appeared on the reverse side of the Turkish 10 lira banknote.

Hatice Sultan Mansion, a historical yalı (waterside mansion) located at Bosporus, in the Ortaköy neighborhood, was named after its original owner Hatice Sultan. It is used today as a water sports club’s building.

Naime Sultan Yalisi was given to Sultan Abdul Hamid II’s favorite daughter Naime upon her marriage to Mehmed Kemaleddin Bey in 1898.

The Bosphorus Strait is home to many beautiful and historical mansions (yalilar).  Many designed by members of the Balyan family (Armenian architects for the Ottoman court for five generations), they are considered an important cultural heritage of Istanbul.   Of the original 600 mansions, about 360 are still standing, with 150 preserved in their original form, each reflecting a particular era and architectural style.

Dolmabahce Palace was home to six Sultans from 1856, when it was first inhabited, up until the abolition of the Caliphate in 1924: The last royal to live here was Caliph Abdülmecid Efendi. A law that went into effect on March 3, 1924, transferred the ownership of the palace to the national heritage of the new Turkish Republic.

Gracing the edges of the Bosphorus Strait, on the European side, is the beautiful and elegant Dolmabahce Palace, the main administrative center of the Ottoman Empire (from 1856 to 1887 and from 1909 to 1922), was built from 1843 and 1856 and was home to the Sultan up to the end of the Ottoman Empire.

Beylerbeyi Palace, an imperial Ottoman summer residence built between 1861 and 1865, is now situated immediately north of the first Bosphorus Bridge. It was the last place where Sultan Abdulhamid II was under house arrest before his death in 1918.

The Beylerbeyi Palace, at the Asian side, is an imperial Ottoman summer residence built between 1861 and 1865.  Designed in the Second Empire style by Sarkis Balyan, it is now a museum.

Ciragan Palace, built by Sultan Abdulaziz to replace the old Çırağan Palace which was at the same location, was designed by the Armenian palace architect Nigoğayos Balyan and constructed by his sons Sarkis and Hagop Balyan between 1863 and 1867. It is now a five-star hotel in the Kempinski Hotels chain.

Four Seasons Istanbul Hotel, formerly the Atik Pasha Palace, is a renovated 19th century Ottoman palace that sits on the European bank of the Bosphorus Strait. Now a hotel with 170 guestrooms and suites, it has magnificent views of the hills of Asia.

Former 19th century Ottoman palaces, on the European side of the Bosphorus, that have been renovated and converted into hotels include the five-star, 317-room Ciragan Palace Kempink and the Four Seasons Hotel Istanbul. On the other hand, the Shangri-la Bosporus is a restored 1930s tobacco warehouse with a Neo-Classical façade.

Shangri-la Istanbul Hotel, located between Dolmabahce Palace and Naval Museum on the European coast of the Bosphorus, emulates a modern art museum, showcasing more than 1,000 European and Asian pieces.

The city continues its long history as the center of architecture as diverse and rich as its past, with new buildings also being built upon the ancient landscape. The 400,000 sq. m. Galataport Istanbul, a world-class, innovative underground cruise ship port stretching 1.2 kms. along the coastline, is a mixed-use development housing around 250 shops and restaurants, a Peninsula hotel and other cultural and entertainment facilities.

Galataport has space for three large cruise ships to dock side by side behind specially designed screens that rise to ensure that no one can leave the ships without passing through the Customs and Immigration facilities but that are retracted when no ships are in port. Customs and Immigration facilities are located underground, with most of the overground space taken up by shops, restaurants and offices.

Istanbul Museum of Modern Art, inaugurated on December 11, 2004, it is Turkey’s first modern and contemporary art gallery. Focusing on Turkish artists, it is a private venture under the umbrella of the nonprofit Istanbul Foundation for Culture and Arts.

It also incorporates the Istanbul Modern Art Museum (designed by Italian architect Renzo Piano along the waterfront zone of Karaköy, it was opened last May 2023), the İstanbul State Art and Sculpture Museum of the Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University and the restored Paket Postanesi (Parcel Post Office), now a symbol of Galataport.

Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University, established on January 1, 1882 under the leadership of Osman Hamdi Bey, as the College of Fine Arts, the Ottoman Empire’s first educational institution for fine arts and architecture.

Parcel Post Office (Paket Postanesi), built from 1905 to 1911, was designed by engineer S. Saboureaux. It is one of the oldest structures of the port area and one of the finest in the city with its characteristic slate dome and roof, unique spaces and facades. The restored Post Office, now featuring 73 boutique stores facing the interior and exterior courtyards, has a 180-m. long coastline overlooking the historical peninsula.

Atop Little Camlica Hill in Uskudar is the futuristic, 369 m. high (221 m. of which is a 49-storey reinforced concrete structure with 18 m. below ground) Camlica TV and Radio Tower, the highest structure in Istanbul.

The Camlica Radio and TV Tower has panoramic elevators rising from the ground floor to the top floor. Located on both sides of the main building, these elevators symbolize the Bosphorus, which both separates and integrates the Asian and European continents.

Completed in 2020, this telecommunications tower has observation decks and restaurants.  Designed by Melike Altinisik Architects (MMA) firm, the building was inspired by the tulip flower, a symbol of the Turks during the Ottoman period

The 936 m. long, €146.7 million Golden Horn Metro Bridge, a cable-stayed bridge carrying the M2 line of the Istanbul Metro, is the fourth bridge across the Golden Horn. Entering service on February 15, 2014, its eventual design pays homage to the city’s maritime heritage with support towers shaped to look like horns and hull-shaped supports for the platforms..

The cruise also passed by some of the iconic bridges spanning the Bosphorus River.  The 490 meter long and 80 meter wide Galata Bridge, the fifth on the site, is a bascule bridge completed in December 1994. At the underside of the bridge are a string of restaurants.  The 1,560 meter long and 33.4 meter wide Bosphorus Bridge (officially known as the 15 July Martyrs Bridge), the oldest and southernmost of the three suspension bridges spanning the strait, was completed in 1973.  Underneath it is the Ortakoy Mosque.

The Golden Horn Metro Bridge, a cable-stayed bridge carrying the M2 line of the Istanbul Metro across the Golden Horn, connects Karaköy and Küçükpazarı on the European side of Istanbul. The bridge enables a direct connection between Hacıosman metro station in the Sarıyer district (at the northern end of the M2 line), and the Yenikapı transport hub in the Fatih district (at the southern end of the M2 line.).

Ortakoy Mosque with the Bosphorus Bridge behind it. The mosque was designed in a mixed or eclectic style incorporating contemporary European Revivalist trends such as Neoclassical, along with some details and overall design elements drawn from the earlier Ottoman Baroque style.

Completed around 1854 or 1856, it was designed by the father-and–son team of Garabet and Nikogos Bayan (who also designed the aforementioned nearby Dolmabahce Palace).  It is distinguished from other mosques of the period by its particularly ornate stone-carved decoration.

Besktas Anatolian High School, located on the European side of Istanbul, is one of the best schools in Turkey. Built for Abdulaziz in 1871, the building was an addition to the Çırağan Palace and later used as a harem room.

Another of the best known sights of Istanbul is the Suleymaniye Mosque, a masterpiece of Ottoman architecture and the largest Ottoman-era mosque in the city.  From its location on the Third Hill, it commands an extensive view of the city around the Golden Horn.

The iconic Blue Mosque and its six minarets. Included in the UNESCO World Heritage Site list in 1985 under the name of “Historic Areas of Istanbul,” it was constructed between 1609 and 1617 during the rule of Ahmed I and remains a functioning mosque today.

The iconic Blue Mosque, another popular monument of Ottoman architecture built between 1609 and 1617, is the second mosque in the world, after Mecca, with six minarets.

Suleymaniye Mosque, commissioned by Suleiman the Magnificent (r. 1520–1566), was designed by the imperial architect Mimar Sinan. One of the best-known sights of Istanbul, from its location on the Third Hill, it commands an extensive view of the city around the Golden Horn. Considered a masterpiece of Ottoman architecture, it is one of Mimar Sinan’s greatest works and is the largest Ottoman-era mosque in the city.

Many schools, colleges and universities are also located along the banks of the Bosphorus Strait. They include the Kabatas Boys’ High School (one of the oldest and most prominent high schools in Turkey), Galatasaray University (widely regarded as one of the most prestigious and notable universities in Turkey), Besiktas Anatolian High School (one of the best schools in Turkey), and Kuleli Military High School (the oldest military high school in Turkey).

Kabatas Boys’ High School. one of the oldest and most prominent high schools in Turkey, was established in 1908 by the Ottoman sultan Abdulhamid II.

T.C. Galatasaray University, built in 1871, during the reign of Sultan Abdülaziz, was designed by Ottoman Armenian architect Sarkis Balyan. The building was used as a dormitory for the female students of the Galatasaray High School until 1992, when it was inaugurated as the Galatasaray University.

Normally, guests also experience a taste of the city by sampling a traditional and authentic Turkish and Ottoman cuisine at an elegant restaurant (depending on the time you choose, you can have breakfast, lunch or dinner but, in our case, we had dinner) but this wasn’t available so, instead, we had our dinner of a Turkish crepe (washed down with soda) on board our coach. After finishing our dinner, we were driven back to Istanbul International Airport.

Kuleli Military High School, the oldest military high school in Turkey, is located in Çengelköy, on the Asian shore of the Bosphorus strait. It was founded on September 21, 1845, by Ottoman Sultan Abdülmecid I.

Touristanbul: E-mail: touristanbul@thy.com. Website: www.touristanbul.com

Nasugbu Landing Monument (Batangas)

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Nasugbu Landing Monument

This monument, along the 4-km. long beachfront, across the street from the Nasugbu Tourism/Information Office, includes a memorial and plaques commemorating the Nasugbu amphibious landings, in January 1945, 5 AM, of 8,000 men of the 11th Airborne Division, that were part of Gen. Douglas MacArthur’s Luzon campaign to capture Manila, aided by guerilla units (ROTC Hunters, Blue Eagle, Fil-American, LICOPA and CAGALAC guerillas).

It commemorates the heroic joint operations of Filipino-American forces involved in the Allied Landing in this area which paved the way for the liberation of South Manila and South Luzon, in general, and Nasugbu in particular, on the January 31, 1945.

The author (left) and his son Jandy

The monument consists of the statues of Lt.-Gen. Robert L. Eichelberger (Eighth United States Army Commander), Maj.-Gen. Joseph M. Swing (11th Airborne Division Commander) and Rear-Admiral William M. Fechteler (Group VIII Phib Commander), walking onshore out of an amphibious landing craft, resembling a LCM-3 (Landing Craft Mechanized MK3, they were about 50 ft. long), with an explanatory plaque in the front.

A second marker, a National Historical Institute (NHI) marker installed in 2007, is located on a concrete pedestal at the rear part of the monument inside the well deck of the replica landing boat.

The plaque in front

The English text, on the plaque in front of the monument, reads:

MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT OF NASUGBU

FIRST DISTRICT BATANGAS

VETERANS FEDERATION OF THE PHILIPPINES

PHILIPPINE VETERANS LEGION

(FIRST BATANGAS VETERANS ASSOCIATION)

In

AMERICAN FORCES

U.S. Eight Army Lt. Gen R. EICHELBERGER, CG

11th Airborne Div.  US Army, Lt. Gen. Joseph SWING, CG

Group VIII ‘Phib- Rear Admiral FECHTELER

FILIPINO FORCES

Col Terry Magtauggol Adevoso, Overall Commander

47th (ROTC) Division – Hunters Guerillas

Calixto Gaglino (Hunters- ROTC) Organizer of

Filipino-American Irregular Troops with

Francisco Orlondo, Mariano Madrid, Miguel David

With the Support of Independent Units:

Filipino American Irregular Troops, Col T. Enriquez, CO 2nd Reg.

Filipino-American Irregular Troops, Col Clemente U. Baum, Co, 1st Reg.

This MEMORIA is dedicated by the Municipal Government of Nasugbu,

Batangas, …… On the 47th Anniversary of the ALLIED LANDING

On the 31st of January 1992.

 

The second historical plaque, written in Filipino, is translated as:

In this area the soldiers of the 1st Battalion and the 188th , 11th Airborne Division led by Lt. General Robert Eichelberger, landed on January 31, 1945. The Filipino guerrillas led by Lieutenant-Colonel Marcelo Castillo and Colonel Eleuterio L. Adevoso served as the Filipino leaders alongside of the American army.

The National Historical Institute (NHI) plaque installed in 2007

Nasugbu Landing Monument: 63 Apacible Blvd., Nasugbu, Batangas. Coordinates: 14.07139°N 120.62513594012702°E.

Church of St. Michael the Archangel (Bacoor City, Cavite)

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Church of St. Michael the Archangel

The original church, in one of the oldest parishes in Cavite (established as a separate parish, from Kawit, on January 18, 1752), was made from wood, stone, bamboo and nipa in 1669 and used to face Bacoor Bay.

The church’s Baroque facade

In October 1762, due to its strategic location, the church and convent was destroyed by the British on their way to occupy Cavite Puerto (now Cavite City).  In 1774, it was rebuilt in stone and, from 1788 to 1820, Fr. Domingo Sevilla Pilapil rebuilt the church in stone and mortar, adding the retablo, bell tower and patio.

Plaza Gomes

After the June 3, 1863 Manila earthquake, the church was reoriented inland (to prevent entry of sea water during high tides),  rebuilt, and enlarged with adobe, from 1863 to 1870, by parish priest (from June 2, 1824 to 1872) Fr. Mariano Gomes delos Angeles (of GOMBURZA fame) and Architect Felix Rojas (who later designed the Neo-Gothic Church of Sto. Domingo in Intramuros, Manila).  In 1872, after Fr. Gomes’ execution on February 17, the administration of the church was turned over to the Augustinian Recollect Fr. Juan Gomez.

The church’s three-storey bell tower

The National Historical Commission plaque installed in 2022

On May 31, 1898, during the Philippine Revolution, revolutionaries raised the Philippine flag on the bell tower.  After the revolution, the church was returned to the secular clergy. 

Important Cultural Property Marker

The present structure is what remained of this once longest church in Cavite, which once measured 20 brazas (33.4 m.) long and 5.5 brazas (9.9 m.) wide), after a third of the church was destroyed, on June 13, 1899, during the Philippine-American War.

The church interior

The choir loft area

On December 28, 2020, the church, as well as the nearby Cuenca House, were declared as an Important Cultural Properties by the National Commission for Culture and the Arts, National Historical Commission of the Philippines, and the National Museum of the Philippines.

The main altar

AUTHOR’S NOTES:

The church’s Baroque façade has a segmental arch main entrance (topped by a segmental arch statued niche), flanked by coupled flat pilasters, with Doric capitals and urn-like finials, and narrow, semicircular arched windows.  The triangular pediment has a centrally located, semicircular arch niche with a statue of St. Michael the Archangel.

The three-storey bell tower, on the church’s right, has a square base with coupled flat pilasters (also topped by Doric capitals) and a segmental arch open and blind (where the “Simbahan ng Bacoor” plaque is mounted) windows.  The upper two storeys, in receding planes, are octagonal, with blind and open, semicircular arch windows.

Inside is a narrow nave, exposed roof trusses with no ceiling, a main altar and two side altars.  Along the walls are burial niches.

One of the burial niches along the walls

In 2021, a historical marker and a bust of Fr. Mariano Gomes was installed front of the church convent, built in 1843 by Fr. Gomes.

The convent on the church’s left

The Padre Mariano Gomes Marker

Church of St. Michael the Archangel: Gen. E. Evangelista St., Poblacion, 4102 Bacoor City, Cavite.Tel: (046) 436-0456, 434-5679 (office) and 434-6466 (rectory). E-mail: sanmiguelbacoor@gmail.com.  Feast of St. Michael the Archangel: May 12.

How to Get There: Bacoor City is located 24.5 kms. (a one-hour drive) from Manila and 26.5 kms. (a one-hour drive) from Trece Martires City.  The church, right in front of the city’s Hall of Justice and Justice B. Ocampo Park, is located near the City Hall.

Jeaox Breeding Farm (City of Ilagan, Isabela)

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Jeaox Breeding Farm

On our seventh day in the City of Ilagan, after breakfast in our hotel, we again boarded our coaster for the 8.9 km. (20-min.) drive to the 20-hectare Jeaox Breeding Farm, home to almost a thousand non-native cows (American Brahman, Jersey and Holstein-Friesian) which are cross-bred to adapt to the climate of the country. It has been in operation for almost three years but only started its dairy operations in July 2023.

Media team at Jeaox Breeding Farm

Upon arrival, we were welcomed by Ms. Bernadette “Bea” Bayabo, the farm’s General Manager. Jeaox Farm has two cow sheds – one for fattening American Brahman cows, which are raised for their meat, and the other for almost 200 cross-bred Holstein-Friesian cows which are bred for its milk. It produces an average of about 1,000 liters of milk per day. Currently, the farm has 70 employees, 30 of which are in dairy production.

A cow with visual ear tags

Cows here wear visual ear tags to better manage the herd, keep accurate records and make decisions for herd management. Each tag has its own number and code with information on its sex, year of birth, type of breed and health history.

The author

Most of the cows that arrive in the plant are pregnant. To increase their numbers, sexed semen (or sex-sorted semen) technology is used for artificial insemination in the farm to produce cross-bred females. It is produced using a flow cytometry and sorting process, or via another process, that selectively destroys sperm cell carrying undesirable chromosomes.

Cow Milking Parlor

The farm’s herringbone-type milking parlor facility is capable, at a time, of milking 32 cows and storing 3,000 liters of raw milk. The cows are milked twice a day (4 AM and 5 PM).

The herringbone type milking parlor, the most common design used on dairy farms with smaller herds. Here, cattle stand at a 45-degree angle, offering the milker a different access point to the udder than the parallel or tandem designs, and also allows access for different types of equipment to be used.

Cow Milking Claw Assembly

The raw milk is then transported to the cooling tank of the milk plant, within the complex.  For every 100 liters of milk that goes into the plant, 40 liters is for fresh milk, 40 liters for yoghurt and 20 liters for pastillas making.

Mr. Moo Milk Plant

At the plant, the raw milk undergoes homogenization and low-heat (75 degrees Centigrade) pasteurization. Then, it is transformed into a number of products for Mr. Moo, a 20 year old company, owned by Mr. Juan Miguel Mercado, that started in Tagaytay City.

Ms. Bernadette “Bea” Bayabo (left), Jeaox Breeding Farm General Manager

Mr. Moo, whose branding is represented by a Holstein-Friesian cow, partnered with the Ilagan-based Jeaox Breeding Farm since corn silage or burong mais, the cow’s main diet and principal energy source, is cheaper in Ilagan (Php2.15 per kilo) compared to the corn-producing provinces near Tagaytay (Php10 per kilo). Corn silage is made from the leaves, briquettes (busil) and stems of corn mixed with grass and other feeds.

High pressure homogenizers are mixing equipment used to create a uniform and consistent mixture. It works by breaking the components and evenly distributing them throughout the solution. Homogenizers were invented by Auguste Gaulin for homogenizing milk.

These highly perishable milk drinks, with eight flavors (plain, chocolate, dark choco, vanilla, strawberry, melon, buko pandan and ube), are package in small plastic bottles with a shelf life of 5 to 10 days when refrigerated.  Starting from November 2023, aside from the City of Ilagan, these products were also transported to Tagaytay.

Milk retort machine eliminates all viable microorganisms, including spores, in milk.

Pastillas being manually wrapped

They are also packaged in high-density polyethylene (HDPE) containers (which extends, from to 6 to 8 months up to one year, the shelf life) which are intended for the city government’s milk feeding programs (which Mr. Moo participates in with the help of the Department of Education and the Department of Social Welfare and Development) for young students.

Mr. Moo Milk Drink

Currently, Mr. Moo has five franchises and six outlets, two in the Cagayan Valley Region.  One is along the Maharlika Highway in Brgy. Baligatan (across the Giant Butaka) in the City of Ilagan (inaugurated on February 1, 2024) and another is in Cauayan City (formally inaugurated on April 6, 2024). Another branch will soon to open in Tuguegarao City (Cagayan).

Mr. Moo in high-density polyethylene (HDPE) containers

Their products also include four variants of yoghurt (plain, ube, strawberry and mango) and four variants of pastillas (plain, buko pandan, cheese and ube). Ice cream products are still under experimentation, with four flavors in the works.

Pastillas in multi-colored wrappers

Jeaox Breeding Farm: Sitio Bating, Brgy. Namnama, City of Ilagan, 3300 Isabela.

City Tourism Office: 2/F, City Hall Bldg., 3300 City of Ilagan, Isabela. Tel: (078) 624-1511. E-mail: tourism@cityofilagan.gov.ph.

City of Ilagan Tourist Information and Assistance Center: Bonifacio Park, 3300 City of Ilagan, Isabela. Tel: (078) 324-7769.  E-mail: ilaganinfocenter@gmail.com.

Isabela Provincial Tourism Office: Provincial Capitol Complex, City of Ilagan, Isabela. Tel: (078) 323-3146.  Mobile number: (0917) 317-3820.  E-mail: isabelatourismoffice@gmail.com.

Isabela Provincial Information Office: Provincial Capitol Complex, City of Ilagan, Isabela. Tel: (078) 323-0248.  Mobile number: (0927) 395-7555.  E-mail: letters_info@yahoo.com.

How to Get There: The City of Ilagan is located 429.3 kms. (an 8-hour drive) from Manila and 35.5 kms. (a 1-hour drive) from Cauayan City.

Balai na Ilagan (Isabela)

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Balay na Ilagan

Balai na Ilagan (“House of Ilagan”), also known as Friendship Hall and Balai na Maguili, is located beside St. Ferdinand Parish Church and Rizal Park.  Brimming with art in every nook, it was built in 2009 and is a testament to the vibrant arts, culture, music and literature scene in the province. Here, artists can learn from workshops, hold concerts or just find solace in the peaceful surroundings.

This multi-purpose hall and former convent and town clinic, within the grounds of the diocese of the Roman Catholic Church, was set up by Stewards and Friends of Ilagan Inc. (the corporate social responsibility arm of the S.M. Lazo Group of Companies based in Malate, Manila) to give Ilagueños a communal space to nurture the artistic talents of Ilagan’s residents.

Interior

They also conduct youth development activities and livelihood training courses for the less fortunate, and ties up with institutions that promote productive skills such as TESDA to enrich the lives of the locals.

Wall-to-wall murals painted by local artists

Balai ni Ilagan promotes culture and the arts by showcasing audio-visual presentations of native and international literature, music, arts and sciences; inviting speakers for cross-cultural learning; and holding competitions related to music, as well as painting and photography contests.

Grand piano

Adorning the interiors are wall-to-wall murals, painted by local artists, of forest scenes and jungle foliage interspersed with bright flowers, wildlife, mythical creatures, waterfalls, and birds in flight.  On one side of the hall is a grand piano for aspiring musicians.  There’s also a well-preserved 18th century chapel in the compound.

Balcony

At the main entrance is an ornate, restored wooden door, from the old convent, carved with flowers and intricate details. The clean and orderly grounds are used by students, to practice plays, presentations and musical numbers.

The clean and orderly grounds used by students

The library, offering a wide range of reading materials, also displays promising artwork by students from workshops.

Balai na Ilagan: Sta. Ana cor. Rizal St., Brgy. Bagumbayan, 3300 Cityof Ilagan, Isabela.

City Tourism Office: 2/F, City Hall Bldg., 3300 City of Ilagan, Isabela. Tel: (078) 624-1511. E-mail: tourism@cityofilagan.gov.ph.

City of Ilagan Tourist Information and Assistance Center: Bonifacio Park, 3300 City of Ilagan, Isabela. Tel: (078) 324-7769.  E-mail: ilaganinfocenter@gmail.com.

Isabela Provincial Tourism Office: Provincial Capitol Complex, City of Ilagan, Isabela. Tel: (078) 323-3146.  Mobile number: (0917) 317-3820.  E-mail: isabelatourismoffice@gmail.com. 

Isabela Provincial Information Office: Provincial Capitol Complex, City of Ilagan, Isabela. Tel: (078) 323-0248.  Mobile number: (0927) 395-7555.  E-mail: letters_info@yahoo.com.

How to Get There: The City of Ilagan is located 429.3 kms. (an 8-hour drive) from Manila and 35.5 kms. (a 1-hour drive) from Cauayan City.

St. Ferdinand Parish Church (City of Ilagan, Isabela)

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St. Ferdinand Parish Church

The St. Ferdinand Parish Proto-Cathedral, one of the oldest churches in Isabela, is located beside St. Ferdinand College and Rizal Park.  The present foundations of the present church was built, from 1696 to 1700, by Fr. Miguel Matos, O.P.,  as a mamposteria and brick church.

In 1777, the solid belfry (existing up to present) was started by Fr. Pedro de San Pedro, O.P., and finished, in 1783, by Fr. Joaquin Sancho, O.P.. In 1786, the bell of the church was forged.  On December 20, 1803, the church became the final resting place of Nueva Segovia Bishop Agustin Pedro Blaquer, OSA, who died in Ilagan on December 19, 1803 after he got sick during his visit to Cauayan. He was interred at the Epistle side of the church.

Old photo of the church probably showing the 1930 facade (St. Ferdinand Official Facebook account)

In 1829, Fr. Luis Garcia, O.P., constructed the sacristy  of ladrillo and finished in 1833. The 1866 typhoon destroyed the church dome and Fr. Pablo Almazan, O.P., demolished major portions of the church’s solid walls in order to build a bigger one.  In 1892, Fr. Isidro Martinena, O.P., established a campo santo (cemetery) in Barangay Santo Tomas, located outside of Ilagan poblacion.

Another old photo of the church, probably showing the 1960s renovation as the buttresses are now more prominent and entrance and stained glass windows have been modified. (photo: hiSTORYA)

The present façade and major parts of the church were constructed in the 1930s. It was renovated in the 1960s. The bell tower, sanctuary, sacristy, parish hall and the old campo santo are the remaining traces of the Spanish-era church.

The present Baroque facade. The buttresses  are now rounded and the stained glass windows and blind arches have also been modified.

During a recent renovation, the ladrillo details of the sanctuary, the Epistle side and Gospel side of the church were once again revealed after the cement were chipped-off.  The ladrillo fence of the campo santo could still be recognized.

AUTHOR’S NOTES

The church’s single level Baroque façade has a semicircular arched main entrance flanked by massive circular buttresses (in turn topped by urn-like finials) and semicircular blind arches (with two smaller semicircular arches within).

Above  the main entrance is a corbelled cornice with a blind semicircular arch enclosing three (one big flanked by two small) semicircular arch stained glass windows.  The triangular pediment, with broken curves along the top, has a centrally located blind rose window.

On the church’s left is the original four-storey square bell tower.  It has narrow semicircular windows, paired Solomonic columns (topped by urn-like finials) at the corners and is topped by a pyramidal roof. 

 

In 1973, the church became the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Ilagan, a suffragan diocese (founded on January 31, 1979) of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Tuguegarao. However, in 2003, the diocese was transferred to the new Cathedral Church (and Bishops’ Residence) in Barangay Upi, in Gamu, Isabela.  In 2013, the present cathedral was placed under the patronage of St. Michael the Archangel. Despite the transfer, both city and diocese still remain under the patronage of St. Ferdinand III of Castile, whose feast day is celebrated on May 30. At present, the centuries-old structure is designated as a proto-cathedral by the Roman Catholic Diocese of Ilagan.

The 4-storey bell tower is all that remained of the original Spanish-era church

On October 29, 2023, a mass was held for the celebration of the first Holy Rosary Festival wherein the pilgrim image of the St. Ferdinand Parish – Our Lady of the Most Holy Rosary was episcopally crowned by Most Rev. David William V. Antonio, D.D., STHD., bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Ilagan.

The April 22, 2024 fire that engulfed the church (photo: Rappler)

On April 22, 2024, Monday, at around 11:40 AM, a devastating fire started from the roof of the church while workers were installing steel trusses on the church’s ceiling,  It was extinguished after an hour but most of its interior was destroyed. The final investigation report of the Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP) identified the total cost of the damages is estimated to be around P35-40 million which include antique religious items among others. The Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) and Ilagan City Engineering Office conducted a series of tests and studies which revealed that only around 20-30% of the structural integrity of the church remained after the fire took down most of its interior.

The burnt out interior of the church (photo: Philippine News Agency)

Just days after the fire that destroyed the proto-cathedral, the City Government of Ilagan, in coordination with the Roman Catholic Diocese of Ilagan, were able to put up a temporary altar and steel benches covered with aluminum roofing sheets and steel trusses in the church-front courtyard (often referred by locals as the Family Park). Since April 28, 2024, while the clearing and restoration of the church is still ongoing, all regular masses of the parish were temporarily being held, by parish priest Fr. Ric-Zeus Angobang (he became parish priest in August 2023), in the make-shift altar.

St. Ferdinand Parish Church: Centro Poblacion, 3300 City of Ilagan, Isabela. Tel: (078) 624-2467.  Mobile number: (0997) 068-9967.

City Tourism Office: 2/F, City Hall Bldg., 3300 City of Ilagan, Isabela. Tel: (078) 624-1511. E-mail: tourism@cityofilagan.gov.ph.

City of Ilagan Tourist Information and Assistance Center: Bonifacio Park, 3300 City of Ilagan, Isabela. Tel: (078) 324-7769.  E-mail: ilaganinfocenter@gmail.com.

Isabela Provincial Tourism Office: Provincial Capitol Complex, City of Ilagan, Isabela. Tel: (078) 323-3146.  Mobile number: (0917) 317-3820.  E-mail: isabelatourismoffice@gmail.com.

Isabela Provincial Information Office: Provincial Capitol Complex, City of Ilagan, Isabela. Tel: (078) 323-0248.  Mobile number: (0927) 395-7555.  E-mail: letters_info@yahoo.com.

How to Get There: The City of Ilagan is located 429.3 kms. (an 8-hour drive) from Manila and 35.5 kms. (a 1-hour drive) from Cauayan City.

Ilagan Sanctuary: Tree Top Adventure and Sta. Victoria Caves (Isabela)

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George Buid, John Louie Abrina, guide Reggie Lou Mendiola, Cris Gadion, the author and Mia Zamora at Sta. Victoria Caves (photo: Azrael Coladilla)

The highlight of our visit to the 200-hectare Ilagan Sanctuary was our exploration of the natural lattices, sparkling rocks, underground waterfalls and unusual rock formations of the nine-chambered, 400 m. long Santa Victoria Caves.

Mia, Cris and Azrael crossing a hanging bridge

Located in the foothills of the Sierra Madre Mountain Range, they are comprised of more than 12 limestone caves known for their unusual but beautiful rock formations, subterranean waterfalls and their sparkling white calcite clusters. They form about a 25% of the 819-hectare Fuyot Springs National Park (FNSP).

The author at Tree Top Adventure

Aside from the caves, the FNSP, now protected as a sanctuary covering four barangays, includes several rivers and creeks (Kabiran, Pasa, Nabulluan and Marabatbat) and forests. These caves also have archaeological significance, as they are believed to have once, in the past, housed the nomadic Dumagat or Agta people.

Check out “Ilagan Sanctuary”

One of the platform stations attached to a tree

At the pavilion at Prayer Mountain, we were assigned a required accredited tour guide by the name of Reggie Lou A. Mendiola.  Aside from providing security, the knowledgeable guides also protect the beauty of the natural elements (stalagmites, stalactites, etc.) inside these subterranean geological marvels.

We finally arrived at the Main Cave…..

Joining me was Azrael Coladilla, Cris Gadion, Mia Zamora and photographers John Louie Abrina and George Buid.

Our tour guide Mr. Reggie Lou A. Mendiola

From the pavilion, we boarded a golf cart that brought us to the jump-off point which is the Tree Top Adventure, an ecologically friendly Canopy Walk. Also within the area is the cable car station, the climbing wall and the convention hall.   Before our hike, Reggie gave us a short orientation talk about the site and the trail we were about to take. 

The entrance to the Main Cave

The entrance to Altar Cave

At the Tree Top Adventure we conquered our fear of heights, while navigating a series of seven wobbly wooden hanging bridges (below which is an obstacle course for kids), supported by steel cables 100 ft. high above the forest floor, between platform stations at endemic tree species.

A stalactite

Flowstone/dripstone rock formations – sheetlike deposits of calcite and other carbonate materials, formed when water flows down the walls

This lead us to the 89 m. long, three-chambered Main Cave, the largest of the four Class III caves of Sta. Victoria Caves that can be explored (the others are Adventure Cave, Moon Cave and Altar Cave).  Except for Adventure Cave (you will have to kick it up a notch here), we explored the other three.

The chapel-like interior of Main Cave

Class III caves are generally safe for inexperienced visitors.  Only this cave type as well as certain parts of Class II caves may be available for ecotourism.  As fruit bats inhabit these caves, flash photography was not allowed so as not to startle the creatures.

A column – a union of stalactite and stalagmite

The dry, walk-through caverns were very easy to explore.  Still, we had to watch our heads at some passages. The sparking rocks, of various shapes and sizes, glowed like crystals in the dark.

The sparkling white calcite clusters that glowed like crystals when lit

A stalagmite – a massive, upward-growing calcite mound deposited from drip water

Moon Cave has a hole in the center where light enters. The 69 m. long Altar Cave has an altar-shaped fissure where a stolen religious ivory statue of the Virgin Mary was previously placed.

This you could imagine as a frog

We imagined some of the peculiarly-shaped rock formations inside as a face, Casper, the Sto. Nino, a frog and cucumbers. 

Here I could imagine a face with a mouth, nose and eyes

Sta. Victoria Caves: Ilagan Sanctuary, National Highway, Brgy. San Andres, 3300 City of Ilagan, Isabela. Open 8 AM to 6 PM (Mondays to Thursdays) and 8 AM to 10 PM (Fridays, Saturdays and Sundays).  Admission: Php150 (adults), Php135 (sister municipalities), Php130 (Ilaguenos  and solo parents), Php120 (senior citizens and children) and Php250 (child with guardian).

City Tourism Office: 2/F, City Hall Bldg., 3300 City of Ilagan, Isabela. Tel: (078) 624-1511. E-mail: tourism@cityofilagan.gov.ph.

City of Ilagan Tourist Information and Assistance Center: Bonifacio Park, 3300 City of Ilagan, Isabela. Tel: (078) 324-7769.  E-mail: ilaganinfocenter@gmail.com.

Isabela Provincial Tourism Office: Provincial Capitol Complex, City of Ilagan, Isabela. Tel: (078) 323-3146.  Mobile number: (0917) 317-3820.  E-mail: isabelatourismoffice@gmail.com.

Isabela Provincial Information Office: Provincial Capitol Complex, City of Ilagan, Isabela. Tel: (078) 323-0248.  Mobile number: (0927) 395-7555.  E-mail: letters_info@yahoo.com.

How to Get There: The City of Ilagan is located 429.3 kms. (an 8-hour drive) from Manila and 35.5 kms. (a 1-hour drive) from Cauayan City. The park is located 9.3 kms. from the City of Ilagan. Take a ride on a northbound bus, a jeepney or a van and alight at the junction, where you can then hire a tricycle to take you to the sanctuary.

Ilagan Sanctuary (City of Ilagan, Isabela)

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Members of media at Ilagan Sanctuary (photo: George Buid)

From Sagittarian Agricultural Philippines, Inc., it was just a short 4.7-km. (6-min.) drive to the the 200-hectare Ilagan Sanctuary which we were to explore and have lunch.

Check out “Sagittarian Agricultural Philippines, Inc.”

The author at Serenity Hill Calvary.  Behind is the giant steel cross

Part of 819-hectare Fuyot Springs National Park (which extends from the City of Ilagan to Tumauini), it is the most visited spot in the City of Ilagan.  Located along the foothills of the Sierra Madre mountain range, it was developed in 2004 and offers every ecotourism activity imaginable.

The pavilion

Most of these developments were completed in the early 2009 through the initiative of Ilagan Mayor Jose Marie L. Diaz.

Chinese Temple

Capilla de la Serenidad

Muslim Mosque

Under the program, 28 locally-based, non-government organizations signed a memorandum of agreement, where they pledged to take responsibility for the sanctuary’s protection, maintenance and preservation.

The giant concrete rosary laid on the grass

Grotto of the Virgin Mary

Other government and national agencies were also rallied to help with the place’s conservation.

Choo Choo Train

Golf Cart

At the parking area, located just outside the gate, we proceeded to the pavilion near Serenity Hill Calvary (Prayer Mountain), with its serene views and peaceful surroundings. Serenity Hill has 14 Stations of the Cross, a Grotto of the Virgin Mary, a giant steel cross and a large rosary, made of concrete, laid on the grass.

Elvie, Amadis, Ann and Mich on board an open-sided cable car

It also has places of worship such as a quaint chapel (Capilla de la Serenidad) for Catholics, a mosque for Muslims and an ornate temple offering a glimpse into traditions and beliefs of Chinese Buddhists.

Ilagan Sanctuary Map

Other attractions inside the Ilagan Sanctuary include a number of natural parks (Willow Brookside Park, Scented Gardens Park, Rain Forest Park and Hidden Springs Falls Park), Butterfly Park, Animal Kingdom (a mini zoo), fish pond (with Nile tilapia), swimming pools, picnic huts, Sta. Victoria Caves and a natural spring pool.

Exploring Sta.Victoria Caves

Aside from these things, the sanctuary also offers an environmental school (where you can listen to lectures, receive certificates and get seedlings to plant), a botanical garden and a herbal plantation.

Convention Hall

Members of our media group tried out a number of the activities offered.  Azrael, Cris, Mia and photographers John and George, and I tried out the Tree Top Adventure and did some spelunking at Sta. Victoria Caves; Nicole tried out horseback riding within a horse trail; Lea and Minerva braved the bike zip at the boating area, beside the swimming pool; and Rosary, Elvira, Amadis, Ann, Mich, Roel and Minerva did some sightseeing on board a cable car.

Gazebos

After spelunking, Azrael and Mia cooled off at the swimming pool while Minerva, George and John went go carting.  After all these activities, we had our lunch, al fresco style, at picnic tables near the fish pond.

Check out “Ilagan Sanctuary: Tree Top Adventure and Sta. Victoria Caves”

Climbing Wall and Cable Car Station

Other activities inside the sanctuary include bird viewing, wall climbing & rappelling on a 50-ft. high wall, boating or kayaking (in a man-made lake), ziplining, and biking. Some activities in the sanctuary will require you to ride on an all-terrain vehicle (ATV) at a clearing, at the edge of the park. A 1.5-km. hike, open for guests, to Pinzal Falls, takes about half an hour.

Fish Pond

Two 350 m. long, 700 ft. high, thrilling ziplines, said to be the fastest (you travel at 80 kms. per hour) in the country, were inaugurated last May 2012 (the 326th founding anniversary of the province). You have to climb 250 steps up a hill and the ride takes about a minute long. Participants have to don a helmet and harness.

Swimming Pool

Animal Kingdom, a zoo, houses a variety of animals such as two Bengal tigers (brought here when they were cubs), wild boar (locally called alingo), ostriches, exotic birds, an eagle, graceful deer, snakes, playful long-tailed macaques, an Asian palm civet (locally called mutit or musang in Ilocano), sheep and three Philippine freshwater crocodiles (Crocodylus mindorensis). A 120-kg., 17-year old female reticulated python (the world’s longest snake) named Maria Jesusa can be caressed and carried by 10 people.

 

Bengal Tiger at Animal Kingdom

For those who want to stay overnight, there’s a Family Cottage (Php4,000, for 8 pax) and a Couple Cottage (Php3,000 for 5 pax). Extra Bed is Php500/pax.  You can also rent the Administration Building,  with 2 airconditioned rooms, conference table, toilet  and living area, for Php5,000.

Lea and Minerva bike zipping

Rates:

  • Zipbike – Php150/pax
  • Zipline and Cable Car – Php250/pax
  • Horseback Riding – Php300/30 mins.
  • E-Bike – Php250/30 mins.
  • E-Scooter – Php250/30 mins.
  • Kiddie Bikes Php150/10 mins.
  • Kiddie Scooter – Php20/30 mins.
  • Cable Car – Php100/pax
  • Tiger Petting – Php150/pax
  • Fish/Pigeon Feeding – Php10
  • Bouncing Animals – Php10/30 mins.
  • Swan Boat – Php200/boat for 30 mins.
  • Motorized Boat – Php300/boat for 30 mins.
  • Fishing Rod (red tilapia) – Php50 (unlimited time)
  • Go Cart – Php150/10 mins., Php200/20 mins.
  • Golf Cart – Php350/30 mins.

Minerva on a Go Cart

Packages (inclusive of entrance fee):

  • All Rides – Php1,200
  • Adventure Rides – Php500 (cable car, zipline, zip bike, horseback riding)
  • Water Adventure – Php500 (swan boat, motorized boat)
  • Land Rides – Php600 (E-Bike, E-Scooter, Golf Cart, Go Cart)

Boating Lagoon

Rental Fees:

  • Gazebo (2 x 2 m.) – Php200
  • Gazebo (2.5 5 m.) – Php250
  • Gazebo (2 x 3 m.) – Php300
  • Gazebo (3 x 3 m.) – Php500
  • Bulwagan (near zipline are) – Php3,000
  • Pavilion(near Prayer Mountain) – Php3,000
  • Sound System – Php2,000
  • Tables – Php60/piece
  • Chairs – Php20/piece
  • Exclusive use of Children’s Playground – Php4,000
  • Function Hall (near Children’s Playground) – Php3,000/day 

Nicole on horseback

Filming Fees

  • Movie/Video Documentary – Php3,000 (8 hours)
  • Pictorial (Rentals) – Php1,500 (pre-nup and other pictorials with 4-hour use of 1 cottage, additional Php100 for every succeeding hour, couple entrance is free)

Mia and Cris crossing a hanging bridge at Treetop Adventure

Ilagan Sanctuary: Junction National Highway/Sta. Victoria Rd., Brgy. San Andres, 3300 City of Ilagan, Isabela. Open 8 AM to 6 PM (Mondays to Thursdays) and 8 AM to 10 PM (Fridays, Saturdays and Sundays).  Admission: Php150 (adults), Php135 (sister municipalities), Php130 (Ilaguenos  and solo parents), Php120 (senior citizens and children) and Php250 (child with guardian). The parking area is located just outside the gate and golf cart and trains brings you, from the gate, to any point in the sanctuary.  A choo-choo train carries passengers from the zipline  area into the Animal Kingdom, passing through flowering shrubs.

City Tourism Office: 2/F, City Hall Bldg., 3300 City of Ilagan, Isabela. Tel: (078) 624-1511. E-mail: tourism@cityofilagan.gov.ph.

City of Ilagan Tourist Information and Assistance Center: Bonifacio Park, 3300 City of Ilagan, Isabela. Tel: (078) 324-7769.  E-mail: ilaganinfocenter@gmail.com.

Isabela Provincial Tourism Office: Provincial Capitol Complex, City of Ilagan, Isabela. Tel: (078) 323-3146.  Mobile number: (0917) 317-3820.  E-mail: isabelatourismoffice@gmail.com.

Isabela Provincial Information Office: Provincial Capitol Complex, City of Ilagan, Isabela. Tel: (078) 323-0248.  Mobile number: (0927) 395-7555.  E-mail: letters_info@yahoo.com.

How to Get There: The City of Ilagan is located 429.3 kms. (an 8-hour drive) from Manila and 35.5 kms. (a 1-hour drive) from Cauayan City. The park is located 9.3 kms. from the City of Ilagan. Take a ride on a northbound bus, a jeepney or a van and alight at the junction, where you can then hire a tricycle to take you to the sanctuary.

Sagittarian Agricultural Philippines, Inc. (City of Ilagan, Isabela)

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Dressing Plant of Sagittarian Agricultural Philippines, Inc.

On our sixth day in the City of Ilagan, after breakfast at our hotel, we again boarded our coaster and proceeded, on a short 5.4-km. drive, to Sagittarian Agricultural Philippines, Inc. (SAPI), a homegrown private integrated agricultural company duly registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission, for a plant visit. The company currently operates a modern dressing plant and state-of-the-art machinery for grains processing. It is also the manufacturer and official distributor of frozen poultry products which include Dragon’s Prime Juicy Delight and Super Fresh.

Media group being briefed by Mr. Julius A. Gamayon, SAPI Chief Operating Officer, before entering the dressing plant

Upon arrival at the Poultry Dressing Plant, we were welcomed by Mr. Jose Avelino C. Diaz, SAPI’s President and CEO, and Mr. Julius A. Gamayon, SAPI Chief Operating Officer.  We later interviewed Mr. Diaz inside his office. Established on July 18, 2016, SAPI’s initial line of business consisted of poultry production, hog-raising, fish production, and grains trading. In 2017, the company’s rapid growth allowed it to expand its business into grains and meat processing, trucking, construction and real estate.

Interviewing Mr. Avelino C. Diaz (wearing blue shirt), SAPI’s President and CEO, at his office

In 2018, it expanded its meat processing unit, with the establishment of Sagittarian Meat Processing, and launched several food counter outlets to promote the products, food counter outlets under the trade name The Chicken Place, initially installing them within the city of Ilagan and, later, expanding into the nearby towns in Isabela and Cagayan.

Newly-slaughtered chickens being conveyed, by a conveyor machine, for evisceration

In December 2020, despite the ongoing pandemic, the company managed to respond to the need for fresh and affordable products by establishing Juicy Delight which carries locally produced products such as hotdogs, Hungarian sausages, longganisa, embotido, burger patties, nuggets, ham and other chicken marinated products. 

The evisceration process wherein the feathers, feet and internal organs of the chicken are removed

That same month, Charoen Pokphand  Foods Corp (CPF), the No. 1 agro-industrial company of Thailand), in partnership with SAPI, inaugurated a new 2400-sow swine breeding complex which will be a source of quality breeder stocks for herd restocking and repopulation.

The cleaning and chilling process

On August 10, 2021, recognizing the need innovate and capture a bigger market, SAPI signed an incubation agreement, with the Isabela State University Agri-Aqua Technology Business Incubation (ISU-ATBI) Project (under the National ATBI Program of the Department of Science and Technology- Philippine Council for Agriculture, Aquatics and Natural Resources Research and Development), to expand the company’s product line, enrolling at the ISU-ATBI incubation program managed by ISU-CVSRRC, iIn partnership with Provincial Science and Technology Center (PSTC)- Isabela, which will assist SAPI in developing canned chicken products utilizing the developed meat canning technology of ISU-CVSRRC.

The Chicken Processing Plant

The canned products, utilizing SAPI’s own locally produced meat (making cost of production lower as compared to other food processors), will be sold as ready-to-eat products and designed to be responsive to the present needs of the consumers. Aside from developing canned products, ISU-ATBI also provided services in brand marketing, e-commerce and financial management. This technology-based food processing boosts food processing industry in the province by utilizing locally produced raw materials.

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On May 17, 2024, CPF, together with SAPI, broke ground for the new Php1.8 billion feedmill complex in Brgy. Cabannungan 2, a big boost for corn farmers as it will assure them a ready market for their produce, at a good price.

Mr. Diaz (third from right) briefing us on the plant’s operation and finished products

During our Poultry Dressing Plant visit, we also observed how the chickens were processed by trained workers and automated equipment.  The evisceration process (removal of feathers, feet and internal organs, washing of carcasses, inspection, chilling and testing) is highly automated, with machines conducting most of the activity.

The steam retort machine (Andi Machinery Technology Co., Td.)

We next transferred to the nearby Chicken Processing Plant. Here, highly efficient sterilization of packaged chicken is achieved via retort processing, using a steam retort machine (Andi Machinery Technology Co., Td.).  It consists of sterilizing, pasteurizing, or cooking a product (and its packaging), eradicating any microorganisms and extending a product’s shelf life (anywhere from one year to 26 months in the right ambient conditions), so that it is both safe and of high quality.

The frozen dressed whole chicken of Super Fresh

Then, for frozen dressed chicken products, the workers cut and debone the chicken carcasses to become different products (wings, drumsticks, breast, etc.) or leave them whole.

The high-speed, fully automated Utrust Pack aluminum vacuum can sealing machine

For canned products, the chicken are cut up into parts and canned (round) using a high-speed, fully automated Utrust Pack aluminum vacuum can sealing machine which removes air from the package, via a vacuum pump, prior to sealing.

The already sealed, but still unlabelled, cans rolling down the canning line

The finished products are then bagged and/or boxed and shipped (frozen dressed chicken products in a refrigerated truck), to grocery stores, supermarkets or distribution centers.

The canned products (Chicken Adobo, Chicken Afritada, Chicken Kaldereta and Corned Chicken) of Juicy Delight

Sagittarian Agricultural Philippines, Inc. (SAPI):  Brgy. Santa Victoria, 3300 City of Ilagan, Isabela. Mobile number: 0916 514 0813. E-mail: juicydelight13@gmail.com. Website: www.sagittarianagri.net.

City Tourism Office: 2/F, City Hall Bldg., 3300 City of Ilagan, Isabela. Tel: (078) 624-1511. E-mail: tourism@cityofilagan.gov.ph.

City of Ilagan Tourist Information and Assistance Center: Bonifacio Park, 3300 City of Ilagan, Isabela. Tel: (078) 324-7769.  E-mail: ilaganinfocenter@gmail.com.

Isabela Provincial Tourism Office: Provincial Capitol Complex, City of Ilagan, Isabela. Tel: (078) 323-3146.  Mobile number: (0917) 317-3820.  E-mail: isabelatourismoffice@gmail.com. 

Isabela Provincial Information Office: Provincial Capitol Complex, City of Ilagan, Isabela. Tel: (078) 323-0248.  Mobile number: (0927) 395-7555.  E-mail: letters_info@yahoo.com. 

How to Get There: The City of Ilagan is located 429.3 kms. (an 8-hour drive) from Manila and 35.5 kms. (a 1-hour drive) from Cauayan City.