Category Archives: PLACES OF INTEREST

Queen Elizabeth Park (Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada)

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Queen Elizabeth Park

As Grace, Jandy, Bryan, grandson Kyle and I, with our dog Luffy, didn’t make it in time to visit the Van Dusen Gardens, we decided to, instead, just visit the nearby 52-hectare (130-acre) Queen Elizabeth Park, Vancouver’s horticultural jewel, which was just a 1.6-km. walk via Oak Street and West 33rd Street.  This municipal park, located approximately 125 m. (410 ft.) above sea level on top of Little Mountain (the highest point in Vancouver proper), at the geographic center of Vancouver, attracts more than 6 million visitors a year.

Entering the park

It is the location of former basalt quarries (dug in the beginning of the twentieth century to provide materials for roads in the city) that has been converted into a beautiful city park with peaceful flower gardens and trees and stunning panoramic views. It features a rose garden, the meticulously manicured Quarry Garden and an arboretum with about 1,500 native and exotic trees.

Before European settlement, the park was an old-growth forest and a spawning ground for salmon frequented by grey wolves, elk and bears. In the 1870s, settling began in earnest and the population exterminated the grey wolves, elk and bears, chopped down all the old growth forest and paved over the salmon creeks. The salmon creeks that extended, from Queen Elizabeth Park to False Creek, do still exist today but, however, they have been paved over.

In 1936, the BC Tulip Association suggested, to the city’s park board, the creation of sunken gardens within the old quarries and, by the end of that decade, the site had been turned over to the Vancouver Park Board for park and recreation purposes.

During their visit to Vancouver in 1939, King George VI, and his consort, Queen Elizabeth (the mother of Queen Elizabeth II), as King and Queen of Canada, dedicated the park. From that time, with a generous donation from the Canadian Pulp and Paper Association, park staff incrementally transformed the overgrown hillsides into Canada’s first civic arboretum.

The typically meticulously maintained Queen Elizabeth Park, one of Vancouver‘s most popular outdoor spaces (second only to Stanley Park), is a very popular area for walking near Vancouver and a great place for us to spend an afternoon.  Its 2.3-km. loop trail, generally considered an easy route, takes an average of 34 mins. to complete. Often a bit busy, the park offers paved paths, hills, ponds, and lots of flowers. There is also an off leash dog park.

Check out “Stanley Park”

Bloedel Floral Conservatory

The most prominent structure in the park is the domed Bloedel Floral Conservatory, the country’s first geodesic conservatory, funded by Prentice Bloedel’s gift of $1.25 million (the largest the city of Vancouver had received to that date).  The 43 m. (140 ft.) diameter, 21 m. (70 ft.) high triodetic dome frame, manufactured entirely in Ottawa, was shipped 3,000 miles across the country to Queen Elizabeth Park. Upon arrival, the structural framework was erected in just 10 days and the entire dome and plaza took 18 months to complete. On December 6, 1969, it was opened amidst much jubilation.

Conservatory entrance

Its enclosed tropical garden, with three different climate zones, houses 500 exotic plants and flowers (bougainvilleas, browallias, citrus trees, coffee trees, eucalypti, epiphytes, euphorbia, various figs, gardenia, hibiscus, magnolia trees, lilies, yucca with pteris, etc.), more than 120 free-flying tropical birds plus an array of tropical fish. It might take you about 20 minutes to get through, depending on how interested you are in tropical plants.  Too bad it was already closed during our visit.

Dancing Fountain

Kyle frolicking at the Dancing Fountain

As it was summer, kids (including Kyle) couldn’t resist playing in the Dancing Waters fountain display beside the Celebration Pavilion. Since the park sits at the highest point in Vancouver, we had had beautiful photo opportunities of spectacular views of the city skyline of Vancouver and the Coast Mountains and shoreline from the Grace McCarthy (named after the late Vice-Chairman of the Vancouver Board of Parks and Recreation) Plaza and at a lookout by the Bloedel Floral Conservatory.

Grace McCarthy Plaza

Lions Clock donated in April 1995 by the Vancouver Mandarin Lions Club and the Kowloon Lions Club (Hong Kong) to commemorate the twinning of the two clubs

Several sculptures are scattered throughout the plaza.  Beside the Dancing Fountain is the bronze sculpture “Knife Edge Two Piece 1962–65,” created by noted British artist Henry Moore.  Bought at a cost of $150,000 (part of $1.25 million donation), it was unveiled during the opening day of the new Bloedel Floral Conservatory in 1969.  With neither front or back, the sculpture was meant to be seen from all angles and, as you move around, from the west and east sides.

Knife Edge Two Piece (Henry Moore)

At a lookout by the Bloedel Floral Conservatory is the bronze, life-size, multi-figure sculpture The Photo Session, one of the “man in the street” series of sculptures created by American sculptor J. Seward Johnson, Jr. (born 1930 and heir of the Johnson & Johnson pharmaceutical fortune) and installed in 1984.

The Lookout

View from the Lookout

It depicts a man with a camera photographing three people (two women and a man).  Real people, like us, joined the appealing statues to have our pictures taken.

Photo Session – The Photographer (Seward Johnson)

In June 2008, the figure of the photographer was stolen by metal thieves but was, fortunately, found abandoned and unharmed, two months later, in an Aldergrove field.

Photo Session – The Subjects (Seward Johnson)

We were planning to dine at the highly rated Seasons in the Park, located right at the top of Queen Elizabeth Park but tables by the window and the al fresco dining area, both wonderful places from which to enjoy the views, were full. US Pres. William “Bill” Clinton and Russian Federation Pres. Boris Yeltsin dined here on April 3, 1993.

Seasons in the Park

Seasons in the Park interior

Instead, we went down a trail to the popular Quarry Gardens.  Redesigned by Park Board Deputy Superintendent Bill Livingstone, it was unveiled in the early 1960s.

Quarry Garden

It is similar, in some ways, to the famous Sunken Garden at Butchart Gardens in Victoria (British Columbia’s capital city) which we visited just two days ago.  Both beautiful and located on the former site of a mining rock quarry.

Check out “Butchart Gardens”

Grace, Kyle and Jandy at the Quarry Garden

On a lookout above the Quarry Garden is the 5.5 m. (18 ft.) diameter and 4.3 m. (14 ft.) high Love in the Rain sculpture, designed and fabricated with stainless steel by well-known Vancouver artist Bruce Voyce, was installed in August 2016.

Love in the Rain (Bruce Voyce)

This new public art project, embodying love in the temperate forest, depicts four entwined couples celebrating the shelter that love brings and the union that it forms.  The public was invited to celebrate their love by lovingly attaching locks to the skirts of each couple.  It has an integrated receptacle on site for the keys to be melted down to become part of a future sculpture.

Celebration Pavilion

 

Other attractions in the park include a Painters’ Corner, a pitch and putt golf course, Little Mountain disc golf course, tennis courts, lawn bowling club and offers tai chi and jogging. Several episodes of the long running TV show Stargate SG-1 were filmed there. Aside from summer, the best times to visit Queen Elizabeth Park are in the spring (for the flowers) and fall (for the autumn leaves).

Painters’ Corner

Queen Elizabeth Park: 4600 Cambie St. cor. 33rd Ave., Vancouver, British Columbia V6J 5L1, Canada. Tel: (604) 873-7000. Admission to the park is free.    Bloedel Floral Conservatory admission: $8 (adult). Coordinates: 49°14′32″N 123°06′54″W.

How to Get There: Queen Elizabeth Park is located across the street from the Hillcrest Aquatic Centre (at 4575 Clancy Loranger Way) and Nat Bailey Stadium (where the Vancouver Canadians baseball team plays and where the Riley Park Farmers Market takes place). The park is also accessible, via the Canada Line, on the SkyTrain.  The Oakridge-41st Avenue Station and the King Edward SkyTrain Station are within walking distance of the park. There is free on-street parking down the hill though on Cambie St. and along West 29th Ave. and Midlothian Ave., by the northern end of the park.

Buchart Gardens (Victoria, British Columbia, Canada)

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Butchart Gardens

From Swartz Bay Ferry Terminal, Grace, Jandy, Cheska, Kyle and I, with our dog Luffy, rode on a double-decker Bus 72 (we missed the direct, one-hour Bus 81), operated by Victoria Regional Transit System, for the nearly 40-min. drive to Saanichton then transferred to a single-deck Bus 75 for the nearly 30-min. drive to get to the world-renowned Butchart Gardens, an absolute must see when traveling to Victoria.

Butchart garden Sign. L-R: the author, Jandy, Kyle and Grace

The lush, 22.3-hectare (55-acre) Butchart Gardens, a group of floral display gardens, located on the Saanich Peninsula, near Victoria on Vancouver Island, has delighted visitors from all around the world with its over a million awe-inspiring bedding blooms (in some 900 varieties) and unique plantings, receiving over a million visitors each year.

The iconic water wheel

It is consistently rated among the world’s most beautiful garden attractions and top places to go to in Canada by USA Today, CNN Travel, Condé Nast, National Geographic, Tripadvisor and Frommer’s and more.

Waterwheel Square

Started by Robert Pim Butchart (1856–1943) and his wife Jennie Butchart (1866–1950), ownership of The Gardens still remains within the Butchart family and, since 2001, the owner and managing director is Robin-Lee Clarke, the Butcharts’ great-granddaughter.

Here is the historical timeline of the gardens:

  • In 1888, Robert Pim Butchartbegan manufacturing Portland cement  near his birthplace of Owen Sound, Ontario, Canada. He and his wife Jennie Butchart came to the west coast of Canada because of its rich limestone deposits necessary for cement production.
  • In 1904, they established their home near his quarry on Tod Inlet at the base of the Saanich Peninsulaon Vancouver Island.
  • In 1908, the Bucharts named their home “Benvenuto” (“welcome” in Italian)
  • In 1909, when the limestone quarry was exhausted, Jennie wanted to recreate some natural beauty from the remains of her husband’s mined-out industrial quarry site so she set about turning it into the Sunken Garden, transferring top soil by horse and cart. She commissioned Isaburo Kishida, a 67 year-old garden designer from Yokohama, Japan (he built a wildly popular tea gardenfor Esquimalt Gorge Park in 1907) before he returned to Japan in 1912.
  • In 1921, the Sunken Garden was completed and they began to receive visitors to their gardens.
  • In 1926, they replaced their tennis courts with an Italian garden
  • In 1929, the Bucharts replaced their kitchen vegetable garden with a large rose garden to the design of Butler Sturtevantof Seattle. Samuel Maclure, who was consultant to the Butchart Gardens, reflected the aesthetic of the English Arts and Crafts Movement.
  • In 1939, they gave the Gardens to their grandson Robert Ian Ross (1918–1997) on his 21st birthday. Ross was involved in the operation and promotion of the gardens until his death 58 years later.
  • In 1946, Ann-Lee Ross, Robert Ian Ross’ wife, opened the Benvenuto Tea House (now called the Dining Room) and continued the tradition of serving afternoon teato guests.
  • In 1953, to mark the 50th anniversary of The Gardens, miles of underground wiring were laid to provide night illumination.
  • In 1964, the ever-changing Ross Fountain was installed in the lower reservoir to celebrate the 60th anniversary.
  • In 1977, during summer Saturday evenings, Christopher Ross (1944–2000), Robert Ian Ross’s son, introduced firework shows accompanied by show tunes, choreographing them until his death in 2000.
  • In 1982, the Butchart Gardens was used as the inspiration for the gardens at the Canadianpavilion opened at Epcot Centre in Orlando Florida.
  • In 1993, to commemorate their 50th wedding anniversary, the “Circle of Doves,” given by Ann-Lee Ross to her husband Ian in 1991, was installed in front of the Begonia Bower.
  • In 1994, the Canadian Heraldic Authoritygranted a coat of arms to the Butchart Gardens.
  • On September 9, 2004, two totem poles were installed and dedicated to mark the 100th anniversary.
  • That same year, The Gardens were designated as a National Historic Site of Canada.
  • In the summer of 2008, The Gardens introduced the Jennie B, an electrically driven 12-passenger boat, which plies the local coastlines in the summer giving visitors an appreciation of the waterside history plus coastal aquatic plants and animals.
  • On December 1, 2009 the Children’s Pavilion and the Rose (or Menagerie) Carousel were opened to the public.

Begonia Bower

While Jennie Butchart collected plants, Robert Pim Butchart collected ornamental birds from all over the world (he had a parrot in the house, ducks in the Star Pond and peacocks on the front lawn). Robert also built several elaborate birdhouses for the gardens and trained pigeons on the site of the present-day Begonia Bower.

In the early days, Mr. and Mrs. Butchart often hosted weekly symphony concerts for guests of the family but, later, attracted a larger audience. More recently, during the summer season (July and August) and the winter holiday season, they provide a wide range of local entertainment, from jazz to classical music.

Also, The Weeds (a band made up of staff members from The Gardens) sometimes plays during the summer season, During winter, lights and seasonal decorations adorn the gardens along with an ice-skating rink in the Waterwheel Square.

Upon payment of the admission fee, we were ushered into Waterwheel Square, our starting point, which was aptly named after a lovely waterwheel beside the entrance. The statue of a wild boar, in the heart of the square, was cast in Florence by Ferdinando Marinelli Artistic Foundry and purchased in 1973 during a family trip to Italy and installed the next year.

Butchart Boar

The snout of this replica of the Cinghiale, a 1620 marble statue (displayed in the Uffizi Gallery in Florence) by Pietro Tacca (in honor of the sculptor, it is called “Tacca”) is, just like the original, shiny from the many visitors rubbing it for good luck. In front of the residence is another nearby statue, by Sirio Tofanari, of a donkey and foal.

Check out “Uffizi Gallery”

Donkey and Foal (Sirio Tofanari)

Buchart Gardens encompasses five separate gardens: the Sunken Gardens, the Rose Garden, the Japanese Garden, the Italian garden and the Mediterranean Garden.   To keep these gardens looking impeccable, they have 26 greenhouses and employ 50 full-time gardeners, 12 part-time gardeners as well as 550 staff during peak season.  With regards irrigation supply, the gardens are entirely self-sufficient as, every year, millions of liters of rainwater are collected, via runoff, from the parking lots and stored in a number of reservoirs and wells.

Laurel Walk

From the flower-lined Laurel Walk, a pathway on the left led to the Begonia Bower which was overflowing with hanging baskets of begonias and fuchsias. Designed in 1917 by Samuel Maclure as a “Chinaman’s Cottage,” it was later renamed the Gardener’s Cottage, circa 1950.

Above the Sunken Garden

Past the Laurel Walk is the top of “the Mound,” a massive limestone rock embankment (designed by Raoul Robillard) rising, above the switch back stairs, from the center of the iconic, 5-acre Sunken Gardens, the crown jewel of the Butchart Gardens.

The pair of Arbor vitae trees

Flanking the main path are an iconic pair of Thuja occidentalis Fastigiata trees (Arbor vitae), commonly called the “tree of life,” planted by Jennie in 1930 (they are now on their third pair). The Mound has spectacular views of the garden including the tall chimney of the long vanished kiln. To the left of the cement stack are six Lombardy poplars (Populas nigra italica) planted by Jennie in 1910 to hide the cement factory.

Once a pile of rock and rubble, the quiet and peaceful Sunken Garden is, as the name suggests, located below road level. The first land reclamation project in the world, the garden, dotted with benches, boasts 151 flower beds, 65,000 bulbs planted for spring and cradles an impressive assortment of flowers, trees and shrubs.

The Sunken Garden

A path, from here, winds past the undulating and spectacular Ross Fountain, installed in 1964 by Robert Ian Ross (Jennie and Robert’s grandson) to celebrate the 60th anniversary of The Butchart Gardens.  The fountain is surrounded by a rotating selection of seasonal blooms.

Ross Fountain

In summer, during The Gardens Night Illuminations displays, it comes alive as magical lighting effects dance across its waters.  Another path leads to the serene pond of the Bog Garden which is surrounded by weeping-willows.

Bog Garden

From the Sunken Garden, a path led us, half-way through The Gardens, to the 700 sq. m. (7,500 sq. ft.) Children’s Pavilion, which has a dome with a 23-m. (75 ft.) clear span, a full-fronted glass façade and a roof planted with native plant species.  It also has an event room for such things as children’s birthday parties.  Annabelle, the elegant bronze carousel horse sculpted by Nathan Scott, is located next to the pavilion.

Children’s Pavilion

Housed within is the popular Rose (or Menagerie) Carousel, the only carousel on Vancouver Island.  The carousel was crafted by Brass Ring Entertainment of Sun Valley, California.  The brightly painted and hand-carved wooden menagerie, mirroring the world from which The Gardens draws its visitors, includes thirty animals ranging from bears, to horses, to ostriches, to zebras, to cats.

Rose (or Menagerie) Carousel

In consultation with an artist from North Carolina, Robin Clarke (the gardens’ owner and great-granddaughter of Jennie Butchart) handpicked the design of each animal carving.  Done by some of the few remaining carvers of carousel art, they were carved from basswood and took many months to complete. There are also two chariots able to accommodate disabled persons.  Kyle didn’t want to miss out on the carousel so, accompanied by Jandy, tried it out ($2 per person).

Concert Lawn and Stage

Across from the pavilion is the Concert Lawn and Stage.  Here, between 1953 and 1967, the Victoria Symphony Orchestra (conducted by Hans Gruber), under the sponsorship of Mr. and Mrs. Ian Ross, performed summer concerts on the main lawn. The concerts also featured many international artists such as Teresa Stratas, Bernard Turgeon and Grace Bumbry. On occasion, guest conductors were also invited to lead the orchestra.

Organ Pavilion

Nearby is the Organ Pavilion, the original dairy barn which now houses the Aeolian Pipe Organ played at The Butchart Gardens. Fully playable manually, this organ boasts just under one thousand individual pipes, a set of twenty tubular chimes and a forty-nine note percussive harp.

California Redwood (Sequoia sempervirens, 1934)

Located on a back path behind the Concert Lawn are tallest of two California redwoods (Sequioia sempervirens) which were planted as seedlings Afred Shiner, former Head Gardener, in 1934.

Totem poles

Another path led us to two 9.1 m. (30-ft.) high and 1.2-m. (4-ft.) wide totem poles dedicated on September 9, 2004 in celebration of the 100th anniversary of The Butchart Gardens, they are a recognition of the rich cultural heritage provided by the First Nations peoples.

Eagle with Salmon, Orca, Bear with Salmon

Raven, Beaver with Grouse, Otter with Pups & Clam, Frog

The “Eagle with Salmon, Orca, Bear with Salmon” was carved in Contemporary Coast Salish style by master carver Doug LaFortune of the Tsawout First Nation while the “Raven, Beaver with Grouse, Otter with Pups & Clam, Frog” was carved in Classic Coast Salish style by master carver Charles Elliot of the Tsartlip Nation.

Seed & Fireworks Field

Nearby is the Seed and Fireworks Field.  The land here was purchased in 1903 from Mr. Fernie, a local dairy farmer. In 1969, a reservoir was excavated to ensure a water supply for irrigation and a single jet fountain was installed to aerate the water supply in the largest reservoir. Today, the fountain is now the focal point of a fireworks display.

Dragon Fountain

On our way to the Rose Gardens, we passed by the striking bronze Dragons Fountain, the newest addition to The Gardens.  A gift from Suzhou (Victoria’s sister city) and the People’s Republic in China in 2015, at night, color-changing LED lights create beautiful scenes in the waters of this peaceful fountain.

Rose Garden

The vibrant Rose Garden, in the center of the grounds, brims with an impressive collection of seven types and at least 280 varieties of roses.  From summer to early fall, this heavenly scented garden bursts to life with 2,500 rose plants.

The 30 arches, intertwined with large sprays of rambler, floribunda, climber and hybrid tea roses, is a favorite spot for a stroll.

Fountain of the Three Sturgeons

On our way to the Japanese Gardens, we passed by the Fountain of the Three Sturgeons, once the location of a large Japanese teahouse. This bronze fountain of three dancing sturgeon, purchased in 1973, is the first casting (by the Ferdinando Marinelli Artistic Foundry) from the enlargement of a work created by Sirio Tofanari in 1958. Visitors often sit on the surrounding benches and enjoy the tranquil sounds of the fountain.

Torii (Japanese gate)

A torii gate, marked the entrance, to the quiet, 1-acre Japanese Garden.  The gate is flanked, on each side, by magnificent purple European copper beech (Fagus sylvatica purpurea) planted in 1906.  The first of Jennie Butchart’s formal gardens, it was started in 1906. In her design, Jennie was assisted by 67 year-old, Japanese landscape artist Isaburo Kishida.  Under the supervision of Hugh Lindsay (the first of Mrs. Buchart’s head gardeners), laborers from the cement works implemented Kishida’s plan.

A scenic relaxation sanctuary, it is home to 500 rhododendrons and azaleas, 74 Japanese maple trees (Acer palmatum dissectum), moss-covered grounds as well as 200 m. of trickling streams.  The European beech trees and Japanese maple trees (at the head of the stone stairs leading down to the garden) are the oldest non-native trees in the Buchart Gardens.  Himalayan Blue Poppies blossom in the spring.

Star Pond

From the Japanese Garden, a path led us to the fantastic, 21,780 sq. ft. Italian Garden.  Once the Butchart family’s tennis court, it was designed by famous architect Samuel Maclure and completed in 1929.  The garden is home to 22,000 bulbs and biennials as well as 18 flower beds and 85 varieties of plants.

Italian Garden

Two beautiful, flower-studded ponds are also located here – the Star Pond (originally designed for Mr. Butchart’s collection of live ornamental ducks) and a sophisticated, cross-shaped pond. Bronze statues and the nearby Gelateria Benvenuto bring a taste of Italy to the grounds.

Mediterranean Garden

We almost missed the diminutive and quaint, 21,780 sq. ft. Mediterranean Garden which was hidden near the parking lot.  A homage to Vancouver Island’s Mediterranean climate, it hosts an array of 110 varieties of exotic plants (in 9 garden beds), ranging from electric-blue delphinium to massive-leafed banana plants and one awe-inspiring agave plant.

Coffee Shop

The food and beverage outlets within The Gardens are the Coffee Shop (salted caramel mocha;  Oh Canada latte; fresh, house-made shortbread cookie; etc.), The Dining Room Restaurant, Gelateria Benvenuto in the Italian Garden (12 locally-inspired flavors of ice-cold gelato) and the cafeteria-style Blue Poppy Restaurant.

Blue Poppy Restaurant

Buchart Gardens: 800 Benvenuto Ave., Brentwood Bay, near Victoria, British Columbia V8M 1J8.  E-mail: email@butchartgardens.com. Website: www.buchartgardens.com. Open daily, 11:30 AM to 3:30 PM (up to 10 PM during summer, June 15 to September 3).  Tel: +1 250-652-4422.  Coordinates: 48°33′55″N 123°28′10″W.

Admission (including tax):

  • Spring 2022 (April 1–June 14): CAD 35.40 (adults, 18 + years old), CAD 17.70 (youth, 13–17 years old) and CAD 2.00 (child, 5–12 years old)
  • Summer 2022 (June 15–September 30): CAD 38.00 (adults, 18 + years old), CAD 19.00 (youth, 13–17 years old) and CAD 3.00 (child, 5–12 years old)
  • Fall 2022 (October 1–October 31): CAD 31.80 (adults, 18 + years old), CAD 15.90 (youth, 13–17 years old) and CAD 2.00 (child, 5–12 years old)
  • November 1–November 30: CAD 24.75 (adults, 18 + years old), CAD 12.40 (youth, 13–17 years old) and CAD 2.00 (child, 5–12 years old)
  • Christmas 2022 (December 1–January 6): CAD 34.00 (adults, 18 + years old), CAD 17.00 (youth, 13–17 years old) and CAD 3.00 (child, 5–12 years old).

Japanese Canadian War Memorial (Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada)

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Japanese Canadian War Memorial

The Japanese Canadian War Memorial, a tribute to the Japanese-Canadian soldiers who fought in wars for Canada, was designed by James Benzie and was unveiled in Stanley Park on April 2, 1920. On August 2, 1985, a re-lighting of the memorial to Canadian soldiers of Japanese ancestry in World War I took place.

Check out “Stanley Park”

Japanese Canadian Memorial Plaque

The memorial located on the south side of the Lumbermens’ Arch Picnic Area, close to the back side of the Vancouver Aquarium.  Nearby is the Miniature Train and Junior Forest Wardens Tree and plaque. Its cenotaph features the name of Japanese-Canadian soldiers who fought for Canada during the World War I, many of whom fought in the battles of Vimy Ridge and Arras Front in 1917.

Check out “Vancouver Aquarium”

Plaque listing Japanese Killed While Serving with Canadian Expeditionary Force

This monument is in lasting memory of the 190 Japanese Canadian soldiers who answered the call of duty for Canada during World War I and to the 54 who laid down their lives in defense of freedom.  Their names are engraved on the monument.

Plaque listing Japanese Who Returned with Canadian Expeditionary Force

During World War I, Japanese-Canadians who wished to enlist as soldiers were not able to do so easily as they were not allowed to enlist at recruitment stations in British Columbia.  In 1916, many had to travel to Alberta to enlist with the Calgary Highlanders. They Japanese-Canadian soldiers later formed their own unit, the 10th Battalion. Seven of the soldiers in the 10th Battalion hailed from Raymond, Alberta and two (Kichimatsu Sugimoto and Teiji Suda) of those seven died during the war.

Centenary of Enlistment Plaque

Next to the memorial is a beautiful Japanese cherry tree that was planted at the time that the memorial was erected.  This tree blooms during spring.

Memorial Base

Japanese Canadian War Memorial:  Stanley Park, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.  Coordinates: 49°18′04″N 123°07′55″W

Waterfront Park (North Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada)

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Waterfront Park

Upon arrival at Lonsdale Quay and exiting the ferry terminal, Grace, Jandy, Bryan, Kyle and I turned to the left and, after walking less than 180 m., reached snug Waterfront Park on the banks of Vancouver Harbor. Here, there are plenty of walking trails for us to get immersed in nature, irrespective of weather.

One of the first parks in British Columbia, in the 1800s, the area of Waterfront Park was originally a sawmill. When the mill closed, the place was redeveloped and turned into a park which officially opened in 1985, just in time for Expo ’86.

Perfect for a family picnic on a nice day, wheelchair and buggy accessible Waterfront Park has plenty of benches, picnic tables and places to sit throughout the park, as well as a children’s play park. Also found within the park are a dock (Goldsworthy Dock), a large grassy area, a dog park, a small Japanese garden, a maritime memorial and restrooms. There were also several artists selling their creations.

Children’s play park

Frequently, on summer weekends, the park is activated with a festival with food, flea markets and events such as Philippine Days (cultural event in June) and Canada Day Celebrations (July 1).  Caribbean Days, a cultural festival in July, used to happen in Waterfront Park until it moved to Coquitlam in 2022.  In addition, this is a great place to watch the International Fireworks Competition from Stanley Park when it is on.

Waterfront Park is also one of about eight parks and other outdoor public venues where you can drink alcohol in public, subject to certain times and restrictions, in the City of North Vancouver. You don’t even have to buy it there as you can bring your own booze. Other venues where you can do that include Shipbuilders’ Square and Cates Deck near Lonsdale Quay, both of which are just a 5-min. walk from Waterfront Park.

Goldsworthy Dock

We strolled by the water, catching some beautiful and spectacular wide-angle views, either from the shore or the covered Goldsworthy Dock, of the Vancouver skyline, Lyons Gate Bridge and the Burrard Inlet. Here, we also watched the SeaBus come and go as well as other ships navigating the harbor.  Too bad we weren’t lucky enough to see a harbor seal or other marine mammals.

View of the Vancouver skyline from Goldsworthy Dock

We also passed some of the park’s collection of great public art honoring the history and culture of the area. Currently, within the park are three main pieces.

Cathedral (Douglas Senft)

Cathedral, the biggest and most noticeable piece of art, was created by Douglas Senft in 1985 and placed in the park in May 1986.  This archway of large flowing structural steel beams was bent and arranged to echo the outlines of the heavily-treed mountain peaks from North Vancouver to Howe Sound.

Although it’s tempting (especially for younger children), the city asks visitors not to climb on the artwork.

Harubang

A large, 9-ft. high statue called Harubang, made from porous Korean whinstone, is another notable piece of art along the waterfront. Donated to the community by South Korea to promote understanding and friendship between the Port of Vancouver and the Port of Incheon, it is similar to sculptures commonly found on Jeju Island to serve the dual function of guardian and boundary marker.

First Nations Theme Pavilion

The First Nations Theme Pavilion, at the southwest corner of the park, is also home to two Welcome Figures.  Representing a grandfather and grandmother welcoming visitors to the Great Trail, it was carved by a Squamish Nation artist.

A Welcome Figure

Not far from the First Nations Theme Pavilion is the Sailor’s Point Memorial commemorates the sailors lost in the North Atlantic during World War II. The memorial is designed like a compass with plaques and signs describing the history of the area.

Sailor’s Point Memorial

Waterfront Park: Block 200, Esplanade W, North Vancouver, British Columbia V7M 1A5.  Tel: (604) 985-7761.

How to Get There: Waterfront Park is just a 12-minute Seabus ride away, across Burrard Inlet, from Waterfront Station in Downtown Vancouver to Lonsdale Quay in the Lower Lonsdale District of North Vancouver. The park is just a 10-min. walk away.

Brandywine Falls Provincial Park (Whistler, British Columbia, Canada)

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Brandywine Falls Provincial Park

From the Sea-to-Sky Gondola, a 43-km. (30 min.) drive brought Grace, Jandy, Danny and I to Brandywine Falls Provincial Park which is located adjacent to BC Highway 99, between Garibaldi and Whistler. Managed and operated by Sea to Sky Park Services Ltd. Sea for BC Parks, Brandywine Falls Provincial Park, located 11 kms. (7 mi.) south of Whistler, off BC Highway 99, and 47 kms. (30 mi.) north of Squamish, is the perfect detour for anyone travelling between the two towns.

Danny, Grace and Jandy

A day use only park, it doesn’t have a lot of facilities, just a few outhouses and picnic tables.  The huge, de luxe parking can accommodate large recreational vehicles, though not overnight. There’s also a Squamish First Nation Info Legend Display Kiosk.

Check out “Sea-to-Sky Gondola”

There are two versions on the origin of the name Brandywine. In the first version, Jack Nelson and Bob Mollison, two surveyors for the Howe Sound and Northern Railway, made a wager over the height of the falls, with the closest guess winning a bottle of brandy (wine). Measuring the height with a chain, Mollison won the bottle of brandy and Nelson then named the falls Brandywine.  The second version comes from around the 1890s when Charles Chandler and George Mitchell passed out there after drinking too much Brandywine in their tea.

Squamish First Nation Info Legend Display Kiosk

The spectacular, 66-m. (218-ft.) high falls, located on Brandywine Creek, has its origin in the Powder Mountain Icefield to the west.  It was formed by the lip of a lava flow flanking the west bank of the Cheakamus River.

Cheakamus Creek

The vertical walls surrounding Brandywine Falls are comprise of the Cheakamus Valley basalts, at least four basaltic lava flows of Late Pleistocene Age that are part of the Garibaldi Volcanic Belt, a northwest-southeast chain of volcanoes and related lavas that form the northern end of the Cascade Volcanic Arc.

The smooth, easy and flat trail

The lava, flowing over deposits of glacial till, silt, and gravel, then cooled, creating a hard, weather-resistant top cap over loose unconsolidated and easily weathered material, the perfect conditions for the creation of a waterfall.

Approaching the covered wooden bridge

Around 10,000 years later, ice from the Fraser Glaciation receded from Cheakamus Valley, releasing melt water and creating Brandywine Creek.  Working its way downstream, the creek started to erode the looser material and undercut the hard basalt top layer, creating the falls.

The covered wooden bridge

Around the early 1900s, Brandywine Falls used to have a train station and many log cabins (some still seen, in a dilapidated state, by the side of the trail) adjacent to the falls. As part of the BC Highway 99 improvements for the Whistler/Vancouver Winter Olympics, the area was subject to many day use improvements which replaced overnight camping with parking and picnic tables.

The BC Rail Track Crossing

Brandywine Falls is best seen from a large and elaborate observation platform at the top, directly opposite the falls, reached by a quick and easy, 1-km. (15-min.) hike over smooth, flat and easy terrain. From the parking lot (just off the Sea-to-Sky Highway), a short walking trail, beneath some towering fir trees, passes close to Cheakamus Creek.

The author, Grace and Jandy at the BC Rail Track Crossing

At the trailhead, we crossed a covered, wooden bridge over the creek. On the other side of the bridge, a marker (Falls Lookout 300 m) pointed us to the trail to the right.  The route to the left would take you along the Lava Lake Trail which extends 2.7 kms., through the forest, to a series of two small lakes at the northern boundary of the park.

The marker pointing us at the right direction towards the falls

Following the wide, well-groomed trail for a few hundred meters, we came upon the BC Rail tracks.  Just before the track, a split, off to the left, leads towards Swan Lake (not a great spot to swim as there is no beach).

Brandywine Falls

We crossed over to the other side of the track, first making sure that the coast is clear.  Keeping to the right, after 10 mins. and a few hundred meters, we were brought to a clearing beside the viewpoint.

The author, Grace and Jandy at the observation platform

The viewpoint also presents some marvelous views of the surrounding mountains and Daisy Lake, just downstream of the falls, which spreads out below as the monolithic Black Tusk probes the skyline. Depending on the time of year, the dammed lake may be, more or less, at “full pool.”

Daisy Lake

Spray from the escarpment that creates the falls, coats the sides of the gorge into which it plummets, with ice in winter and nourishes lush growth in warmer months.  During our visit, we were lucky to see a rainbow over the waterfall.

The rainbow over the falls

Brandywine Falls Provincial Park: Whistler, British Columbia.  Coordinates: 50°02′07″N 123°07′07″W.  There are no parking fees or entrance charges.

Shannon Falls Provincial Park (Squamish, British Columbia, Canada)

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Shannon Falls

From Britannia Beach, Grace, Jandy, Danny and I next drove the short 7.2-km. distance, along the Sea-to-Sky Highway on Howe Sound, to 87-hectare (210-acre) Shannon Falls Provincial Park, established on August 29, 1984 and located 58 kms. (36 mi.) from Vancouver and 2 kms. (1.2 mi.) south of Squamish.

Check out “Britannia Beach“

Picnic Area

One of the town’s most recognizable features and visible along the Sea-to-Sky Highway (making it a popular day-use park), facilities in this park are operated by Sea to Sky Park Services Ltd. The small concession and information center, located next to the flush toilet building on the trail to the waterfalls, is managed by the park operator and offers food snacks, park and outdoor recreation information and souvenirs.

Concession and Information Center

The main point of interest in this park, which also protects the surrounding area on the north-east shore of the Howe Sound, is the 335 m. (1,099 ft.) high, iconic, scenic and towering Shannon Falls, composed of a series of cliffs.

The start of the hike …..

The third highest waterfall in British Columbia, it is ranked behind the 481 m. high Della Falls (Strathcona Provincial Park, Vancouver Island) and the 396 m. Hunlen Falls (Tweedsmuir Provincial Park near Bella Coola).

Shannon Creek

The falls was named after William Shannon who first settled the property in 1889 and made bricks in the area. The tumbling waters of the falls originate from Mount Habrich and Mount Sky Pilot. Shannon Falls rarely freezes but, when it does, it’s the subject of intense ice climbing interest. The falls and adjoining woods are commonly used in television and film production.

It is just a short hike to the spectacular viewpoint just below the falls.  From the parking lot, we walked towards the park area where the picnic tables and the building with washrooms were located. From there, we veered left and began walking uphill as our path turned into a gravel trail.  At the first junction, we went straight and continued, along the gravel path, as we entered the forest and continued walking next to scenic Shannon Creek.

Shannon Falls seen from the viewpoint

The route, going up a short hill, then reaches a paved path.  We went right and, as we continued walking, soon heard the sound of the roaring falls until the waterfall came into view.  This first viewpoint was an excellent place to take photos and selfies. Further up the trail is the Sea to Summit Trail, a second viewpoint, with Shannon Falls viewed at a slightly different angle.

L-R: Jandy, Grace, Danny and the author at the viewpoint

Shannon Falls Provincial Park: Squamish, British Columbia, Canada. Tel: 604 986-9371.  E-mail: info@seatoskyparks.com.  Website: www.seatoskyparks.com.  Coordinates: 49°40′10″N 123°09′21″W

Britannia Beach (British Columbia, Canada)

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Grace and Danny at Britannia Mine Museum at Britannia Beach

The weather was sunny in Vancouver when Grace, Jandy and I accepted the offer of my Don Bosco Makati high school classmate and now Vancouver resident Danilo “Danny” Macaventa who volunteered to tour us, via his car, around Squamish and Whistler.

L-R: Grace, Danny and museum guide

A 61.3-km. (1-hr.) drive, along the Sea-to-Sky Highway on Howe Sound, took us to our first stop, the former copper mining town of Britannia Beach, a small (population about 300) but charming unincorporated community in the Squamish-Lillooet Regional District rich with art and history approximately 10 mins. south of Squamish.

In 1888, a copper discovery on Britannia Mountain by Dr. A. A. Forbes led to the development of the Britannia Mine and, between 1900 and 1904, the community first developed as the residential area for the staff of the Britannia Mining and Smelting Company.

Sea-to-Sky Highway and Howe Sound

At the center of the town, now an award-winning 10-acre National Historic Site of Canada that has recently undergone a $14.7 million facelift, is the Britannia Mine Museum (formerly the British Columbia Mining Museum) which is visible from the highway itself. The museum now oversees 23 historic industrial, administrative and domestic buildings, over 7,000 artifacts, 9500 archive photos and 3,000 archival documents and maps.

As we arrived just before 10 AM, we decided not to join the 11 AM Mining Tour.  There, visitors can experience what life was really like in a busy  copper mining town by getting an up-close look at machinery, ore carts, a working Lime Tank and the famous Mill 3, also called the Concentrator where the ore was once processed.

Guest Services Building

Visitors can also climb aboard the museum’s mine train to ride through an historic haulage tunnel (over 210 kms. were dug), driven in 1914 to transport ore from the original mill buildings to the shore. Historic mining and lighting equipment is demonstrated to the visitor. You can also pan for gold and sit in the original throne used in the Copper Queen pageant.

The Engineering Building

We did get to meet museum director Ms. Kristine Clausen who briefed us on the history of the town and its copper mine. According to Kristine, for almost 70 years, Britannia Beach was an important source of copper ore. During the 1920s and 1930s, it constituted one of the largest mining operations in Canada. On November 1, 1974, high operating costs and taxes eventually forced the mine to close.

Old mining equipment

Old 1971 WABCO 3200B Haulpak mining truck

Nearby is a Squamish First Nation Info Legend Display Kiosk while a little bit further off is the old 800,000-lb., yellow 1971 WABCO 3200B Haulpak mining truck.  Further into the distance is the 20-storey Mill 3 building carved into the mountainside.  A highly innovative (using bulk froth flotation), gravity fed concentrator for ore processing, it was designated as a National Historic Site of Canada in 1987 (with a ceremony in 1988).

Britannia Mine Concentrator

Though we didn’t join the Mines Tour, we did drop by the Company Store (Museum Gift Shop), historically the only shopping place in Britannia Beach. Here, they sell rare ammolite jewelry comprised of the fossilized shells of ammonites,  copper mugs, souvenirs, locally produced wares, books, mining memorabilia, apparel and rare minerals specimens from Canada and all over the world.

Company Store

Also offered for sale are works by leading Northwest Coast native artisans and artists from Britannia Beach, Squamish, and beyond such as Angela Muellers (beautiful paintings), Frances Solar, Niel Bennett (amazing postcards of the Mill building), Jim Unger (copper artworks), Byron Anderson (copper tree sculptures) and Sarah Groves (unique copper jewelry).

Before leaving, we also dropped by the Chatterbox Café (open 8 AM to 5 PM), located next to the admissions and the gift shop at Britannia Mine Museum, which is also home to the museum’s collection of autographed photos, chronicling the history of feature films and TV production filmed at the museum and in and around Britannia Beach. 

First Aid and Chatterbox Cafe

They include Scooby-Doo 2: Monsters Unleashed, Okja, The Man in the High Castle (TV series), MacGyver, The Flash, Supernatural, many scenes for The Crossing (TV series) in 2017, the 2010 episode of the US TV show Psych, Dual Spires, the episode “Paper Clip” of The X-Files, scenes for Travelers (TV series) in 2017, and 21 Jump Street.

Britannia Mine Museum: 150 Copper Drive, Britannia Beach, British Columbia V8B 1J1. Tel: +1 800-896-4044.  Website: www.britanniaminemuseum.ca. Open, 9 AM to 7 PM, with 16 tours daily.  First tour starts at 9:30 AM and the last tour at 5 PM (check in at 4:30 PM). Admission: $36.95 (adults. 18+), $33.95 (seniors, 65+, and students), $28.95 (youth, 13-17), $19.95 (child, 5-12), $130 (daily family rate) and free (pre-school, 4 and under).

Christ Church Cathedral (Vancouver, Canada)

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Christ Church Cathedral

Just 650 m. from the Cathedral of Our Lady of the Holy Rosary is the gorgeous Christ Church Cathedral.  The second cathedral church of the Anglican Diocese of New Westminster of the Anglican Church of Canada, it is a daughter church of St. James’ Anglican Church.

Check out “Cathedral of Our Lady of the Holy Rosary“

High rise buildings surround the cathedral

Set among high-rise buildings, Christ Church Cathedral is the Regimental Church of the Seaforth Highlanders and is in the process of being designated Regimental Church of the BC Regiment, Duke of Connaught’s Own. It is also the church at which the British royal family worships when in Vancouver.

Grace and Kyle

The author and Jandy

Here is the historical timeline of the cathedral:

  • On December 23, 1888, the first service was held, without a church building, at 720 Granville Street.
  • On February 14, 1889, a building committee was formed to collect the necessary funds for the erection of the church to be located on land bought from the Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR). A key negotiator in acquiring the property is Henry John Cambie, chief engineer of CPR’s Pacific Division and people’s warden of the new church.
  • By October 1889, Christ Church’s basement was built
  • On October 6, 1889, the opening service was held for 52 parishioners.
  • By 1891, the CPR objected to the unfinished building that had quickly been nicknamed the root house. It was viewed an “eyesore” and the parishioners feared they would lose their location due to lack of funds to complete the building.
  • In 1892, the architect Robert Mackay Fripp submitted a proposal for completion of the church.
  • On July 28, 1894, after a financing scheme was developed by a parishioner, the cornerstone was finally laid.
  • On February 17, 1895, the church was dedicated.
  • In 1905, a balcony, covering the narthex area and containing a wood railing in a Gothic pattern, was added
  • By 1909, the first expansion was done.
  • By 1911, the first organ, which used a human blower hired at $5 per month, had already worn out and was replaced by the new Robert Hope-Jones Organ manufactured by Wurlitzer.
  • In 1920, electricity replaced candles for lighting.
  • In 1929, the Archbishop of New Westminster constituted Christ Church as the Cathedral Church of the diocese replacing Holy Trinity Cathedral located in the City of New Westminster.
  • In 1937, the bronze lanterns now in the church were installed at the nave.
  • In 1949, after many building alterations, the $30,000 Casavant Freres organ, constructed partially of recycled wood, surplus war surplus parts and remnants of the Wurlitzer, was installed. It had more than 2,700 pipes and a 600 lb. motor.
  • In 1971, the church membership voted to demolish the building and replace it with a hi-rise tower complex designed by Arthur Erickson. The redevelopment was opposed by the public.
  • In 1976, after much lobbying, the cathedral was named a Class A Heritage building in the municipality of Vancouver and the Province of British Columbia.
  • In 1995, an eleven-year program of restoration and renewal was begun.
  • During the spring and fall of 2004, the Kenneth Jones tracker organ was installed.
  •  In 2004, the church was extensively upgraded and the original fir flooring, cedar tongue and groove ceiling and stained glass windows were restored.
  • In November 2016, a bell tower was inaugurated.

The Gothic Revival style, sandstone facade

The church, built in the Gothic Revival style (with Romanesque and Tudor details), has a granite and sandstone façade and is laid out in the classic Latin Cross plan.

The cathedral’s stunning interior

Its stunning interior, circumnavigated by wood wainscoting with a quatrefoil cornice, has a beautiful and spectacular hammer beam truss (in the style of English halls and churches dating back to the 1300s) ceiling made of cedar planking and ceiling beams.

The spectacular hammer beam truss and ceiling

Its 32 beautiful stained glass windows depict Christ-centered themes, famous people and World War I.

Christ the King and other scenes (Clayton and Bell, Buckinghamshire, England)

The floor was constructed out of old growth Douglas fir.  Wood arches and tracery details separate the side aisles from the nave.

Tree of Life (Susan Pointe)

The modern, semi-abstract “Tree of Life,” spanning 5 stained glass windows (the tallest is 19 ft. high) at the back of the church, was created, in brown tones, by aboriginal Musqueam artist Susan Pointe, executed by Yves Trudeau (of Studio One Glass Art) and dedicated on April 5, 2009.  It depicts salmon (in 4 of the panels) and waters at the base, leaves and trees in the central portion and mountain and birds above.

The Chancel Window (N.T. Lyon Co. Toronto)

Another three stained glass windows, of three disciples of Jesus Christ, were designed by the famous William Morris of England, the most celebrated champion of 19th century “Arts and Crafts” Movement.

The Crucifixion of Our Lord (John Bell and Sons, Bristol, England)

The open glass and steel bell tower, at the northeast side of the cathedral, has a zinc roof.  Its four church bells, cast in France, are rung daily at 8 AM and 6 PM and before church services.

The open glass and steel bell tower

The spire glass features a design by Canadian artist Sarah Hall.  A venue for musical performances, the church’s acoustics are phenomenal and the Choral Eucharist (10:30 AM) and Georgian Chant Services (9:30 PM) are performed every Sunday.

The author

The Celtic cross, which is found on both the cathedral’s exterior and interior, represents the roots of the Anglican Communion in the British Isles. The spindle whorl and the three salmon in the style of the Coast Salish Nation, represent the First People of Canada and the original inhabitants of the west coast.

The Celtic Cross

The Greek letters Chi (X) and Rho (P), in the center, are the initials of the words Christus Rex (Christ the King). The motto “I hold before you an open door” (Revelation 3:8) is the title of the first sermon preached by Rev. H. B. Hobson, the rector, in the cathedral on December 23, 1888.

The tracker organ designed by Kenneth Jones in Ireland

The beautiful and huge tracker organ, in the south gallery of the cathedral, was built in 2003 by Kenneth Jones in Bray, Ireland, and installed, over 10 days, in April 2004.  It is the first Christ Church Cathedral organ custom built to speak with optimum effect in the sanctuary. It comprises a three manual console and 2,500 pipes (1,700 salvaged from the Casavant Freres), wooden trackers and intricate parts sourced from all over Germany.

The fine, carved stone reredo, dedicated in 1923 as a World War I memorial, took almost two years to complete.  Depicted in this stone screen are St. Martin of Tours, St. Lawrence and St. John the Baptist.

Christ Church Cathedral: 690 Burrard Street , Vancouver, British Columbia V6C 2L1, Canada. Tel: +1 604-682-3848.  E-mail: reception@thecathedral.ca.  Website: www.thecathedral.ca. Open Mondays to Fridays, 10 AM to 4 PM.  Admission is free but donations are welcomed.  Coordinates: 49°17′03″N 123°07′13″W.

How to Get There: the cathedral, located right across the Burrard Skytrain Station, is located on the northeast corner of West Georgia Street, directly across from the Fairmont Hotel Vancouver in Downtown Vancouver.  It is also a 3-min walk from the Vancouver Art Gallery

Cathedral Square (Vancouver, Canada)

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Facing the Cathedral of Our Lady of the Holy Rosary, Cathedral Square is a public plaza in downtown Vancouver filled with magnolias and ginkgo trees. It was designed by Bruno Freschi and completed in 1986, just in time for the World’s Fair, as a component of a major BC Hydro underground substation on the site which supplies power to the downtown core.

Check out “Cathedral of Our Lady of the Holy Rosary”

Cathedral Square

Just north of its reflecting pool and fountain are six pillars that support a canopy structure (which previously had protective glass for inclement weather protection, but it was removed due to upkeep costs) over a paved, terraced area with seating.

Cathedral of Our Lady of the Holy Rosary as seen from the square

In May 2021, the under-utilized plaza had a makeover that helped activate the space into a site of renewal and celebration, becoming a re-energized public space that will celebrate the visual culture of the three local nations – Musqueam, Squamish and Tsleil-Waututh.

The reflecting pool

The square’s six massive concrete cylinder columns at the northeast corner of the intersection of Dunsmuir Street and Richards Street, just across from the cathedral, were used as a blank canvas for a First Nations-themed mural called “Blanketing the City IV,” the fourth in a series of first large-scale public art collaboration between weaving artists. Other past works were applied to the two pillars of the Granville Street Bridge, below Granville Island, and the southern facade of the former Biltmore Hotel at 395 Kingsway, now used as supportive housing.

Mural of “Blanketing the City IV”

The design of the installation, organized by the Downtown Vancouver Business Improvement Association and the Vancouver Mural Festival, is a collaboration between Musqueam artist Debra Sparrow (involved in the revival of xʷməθkʷəy̓əm or Musqueam weaving for 25+ years), Squamish chief and accomplished weaver (co-founder of the L’hen Awtxw Weaving House) and teacher Janice George (Sḵwxwú7mesh) and the Tsleil-Waututh’s Angela George (səlilwətaɬ) who has dedicated her career to the betterment of First Nations people and communities.

Cathedral Square: 566 Richards St, Vancouver, BC V6B 1X4.

Waterfront Station (Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada)

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Waterfront Station

The stunningly grand and majestic, 6-storey, 146-m. (480-ft.) long Waterfront Station (Station Code: WF), located on Burrard Inlet, is a major intermodal public transportation facility and the main transit terminus in Vancouver. It is within walking distance or the vicinity of Vancouver’s historical Gastown district, Canada Place, Vancouver Convention Centre, Harbour Centre, Sinclair Centre, the Vancouver Harbour Flight Centre float plane terminal (approximately two blocks west of Canada Place), the heliport operated by Helijet, (adjacent to the SeaBus concourse, therefore allowing passengers to connect to Waterfront Station‘s main terminal building) and the downtown campuses for Simon Fraser University and the British Columbia Institute of Technology.

The row of Ionic columns

The current Neo-Classical-style main station building, designed by Barott, Blackader and Webster (a Montreal architecture firm) and built by Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR), is CPR’s third station.  It replaced a smaller station, built in the 1890s and previously located at the foot of Granville, one block west, built in chateau-like “Railway Gothic” style like the CPR’s many railway hotels. Its symmetrical red-brick facade is dominated by a row of smooth, white limestone Ionic order columns which are repeated in the grand interior hall, flanking the perimeter of the space.

The Neo-Classical-style facade

The main hall features two large clocks facing each other high on the east and west walls while paintings depicting various scenic Canadian landscapes, by Adelaide Langford (wife of a CPR executive), line the walls above the columns.

One of two large clocks at the Main Hall

Rouge Kitchen & Wet Bar, on the street level, occupies the east wing. Other restaurants located within the station include A&W, Jugo Juice, La Prep, Subway, Starbucks and SKK Italy. On the upper floors, some rooms are occupied by business offices.

Rouge Kitchen & Wet Bar

Subway and Jugo Juice

The bronze statue of Angel of Victory, one of an originally identical trio (the other two angels are in Winnepeg and Montreal), at the front of the extreme east end of the building, was created by Couer de Lion MacCarthy (1881-1979) and was installed in 1921.

Angel of Victory (Couer de Lion MacCarthy)

A war memorial honoring CPR employees who were killed during World War I, it depicts an angel carrying a dead soldier to heaven.  At one time, she was holding s small wreath in her raised hand but, at some point, the wreath was broken and now she holds just a few leaves in her hand.  After World War II, the writing on the plaque at the base of the statue was added.

Historical Plaque

Here’s the historical timeline of the station:

  • On May 1912, the construction of Waterfront Station began
  • On August 1, 1914, right at the start of World War I, the station was opened as the Pacific terminus for the CPR’s transcontinental passenger trains to Montreal, Quebec and Toronto, Ontario.  Canadian soldiers, on their way to the war, departed on this depot.
  • In 1916, the paintings lining the walls above the columns were completed.
  • On May 29, 1939, residents welcomed King George VI and Queen Elizabeth here (British Columbia’s first visit by a reigning monarch)
  • In 1977, Waterfront Station‘s transformation into a public intermodal transit facility began.
  • In 1977, SeaBus began operating out of a purpose-built floating pier that was connected to the main terminal building via an overhead walkway above the CPR tracks.
  • In 1978, when Via Rail took over the passenger operations of the CPR and the Canadian National Railway, it continued using both railways’ stations in Vancouver
  • In 1979, Via Rail ceased using this CPR station when it consolidated its Vancouver operations at Pacific Central Station, the CN station near False Creek.
  • On October 27, 1979, the last scheduled Via Rail passenger train to use Waterfront Station departed, with 200 passengers (plus 50 train aficionados who tagged along to Mission), for Montreal, 15 mins. late.
  • In the early 1980s, the CPR’s passenger platform and some of its tracks were torn up to make way for the guideway of the original SkyTrain line (Expo Line).
  • On December 11, 1985, the Expo Line was opened.
  • During Expo 86, SkyTrain operated special shuttle trains between Waterfront Station and Stadium–Chinatown Station(then named Stadium station), connecting the Canadian Pavilion at Canada Place to the main Expo site along False Creek.
  • In the early 1990s, Royal SeaLink Express, a private ferry company, ran passenger ferries from a new dock on the west side of the SeaBus terminal to Victoria and Nanaimo  but ultimately folded.
  • In 1995, platforms were built adjacent to the SkyTrain station for the West Coast Express, which uses the existing CPR tracks. The platforms for the West Coast Express were built in the same location as the old CPR platforms.
  • In 2002, Millennium Line trains began to share tracks with the Expo Line at Waterfront Station.
  • In 2003, HarbourLynx began operating out of Royal Sealink’s old facility at the SeaBus terminal.
  • In 2006, following major engine problems with their only vessel, HarbourLynx folded as well.
  • In late 2016, an Expo Line branch to Production Way–University station was created in replacement of the Millennium Line service between VCC–Clark and Waterfront Station.
  • In 2009, the Canada Line opened
  • In 2018, as most Canada Line stations were built with only up escalators initially, TransLink announced that Waterfront Station‘s Canada Line platforms, as well as two other stations on the line located within Downtown Vancouver, would receive an accessibility upgrade which includes additional escalators.
  • In early 2019, construction began on the additional escalators
  • In December 2019, the installation of additional escalators was completed.
  • In 2020, work on replacing the escalators connecting to the Expo Line was started by TransLink.
  • For three weeks in June 2020, access to the Expo Line from Cordova Street was closed, forcing passengers to access the Expo Line from the Howe Street entrance. Because the construction blocked access to the elevators to the Expo Line platforms, a temporary shuttle bus service between the SeaBus terminal, the main concourse area, and Burrard Station was instated.

Ionic columns inside the main hall

Waterfront Station was one of the first stations to receive TransLink’s “T” signage (denoting a transit station).  Originally installed in the downtown core of Vancouver, this signage helped visitors during the 2010 Olympics as it made transit hubs easier to identify.

Waterfront Station serves as a common terminus point for both the Expo Line (through Vancouver to Northeast/South Burnaby, New Westminster and Surrey) and the Canada Line (through Vancouver to central Richmond and Vancouver International Airport). They have separate platforms which are accessible via the main station building, but require leaving the fare paid zone when transferring between other modes.

The SeaBus passenger ferry, to Lonsdale Quay in North Vancouver, stops on the Vancouver side at Waterfront Station, near the Vancouver Convention Centre. Additionally, Waterfront Station  provides West Coast Express commuter rail (Port Moody, Coquitlam, Port Coquitlam, Pitt Meadows, Maple Ridge and Mission) a connection to the SeaBus passenger ferry. The station is also accessible to various local, suburban, and express bus services provided by TransLink.

Escalator to Expo Line

Expo Line

Waterfront Station: 601 West Cordova St. (between Granville and Seymour Sts.), Downtown Vancouver, British Columbia V6B 1G1, Canada. The station has also two street-level entrances – Howe Street to the west (for direct access to the Expo Line) and Granville Street to the south (for direct access to the Canada Line).  Coordinates: 49°17′09″N 123°06′42″W